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8th History > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

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1
Q

What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual?

A

Bill of Rights

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2
Q

What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?

A

1-10 Amendments

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3
Q

What is the difference between a law and an amendment?

A

A law is a bill that gets passed and an amendment is a change to an existing law.

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4
Q

How does an amendment get proposed?

A

Getting proposed by 2/3 of congress or 2/3 of the states.

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5
Q

How does an amendment then get ratified?

A

By getting 3/4 of the state legislatures to ratify.

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6
Q

What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?

A

Freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press, and petition the government.

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7
Q

What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?

A

Firearms

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8
Q

What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)

A

Unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause.

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9
Q

What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?

A

5th amendment

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10
Q

According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?

A

The process of law.

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11
Q

What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?

A

The 6th amendment

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12
Q

What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?

A

Claiming the Bill of Rights.

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13
Q

What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?

A

The state government.

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14
Q

Who were the first President and Vice President in American history?

A

George Washington and John Adams

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15
Q

What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
State Department
Treasury Department
War Department

A

State-handle relations with other nations.
Treasury-financial matters
War-national defense

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16
Q

Who makes up the cabinet of the President?

A

Attorney General

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17
Q

Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?

A

Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton.

18
Q

What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold?

A

Sec. of Treasury

19
Q

What act established a federal court system?

A

Judiciary Act of 1789

20
Q

What could federal courts do to state laws if deemed necessary?

A

Settle disputes

21
Q

Who was John Jay?

A

The 1st Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.

22
Q

What is a national debt?

A

The amount of money the gov’t owed.

23
Q

What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?

A

Propose a plan that would have the federal gov’t take care of the state debts.

24
Q

What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way?

A

The Southern states because they owed less money than the northern states.

25
Q

Why did the South agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lessen the national debt?

A

They wanted the capital to be in the south.

26
Q

Why did Hamilton feel that it was ok for him to create a national bank?

A

It was within the intent of the Constitution.

27
Q

What is a tariff?

A

Institutes to encourage people to buy American goods.

28
Q

What was the Whiskey Rebellion?

A

A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal gov’t.

29
Q

Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the Presidency?

A

He didn’t want unfair power and wanted to retire before death.

30
Q

What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party?

A

Favored a strong federal government, wealthy rulers, and loose interpretation of the constitution.

31
Q

What are 4 aspects of the Democratic-Republican Party?

A

State governments and banks, rule by the people, and strict interpretation of the constitution.

32
Q

How did Washington feel about the political parties.

A

He believed that the political parties divided the people and kept the gov’t from working together.

33
Q

What is favoring one side in a political decision?

A

Partisan

34
Q

Before the Election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine Presidential candidates?

A

Caucuses

35
Q

What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America?

A

The XYZ Affair

36
Q

Why were three acts created after the XYZ Affair?

A

To protect the security of the nation and slow immigration.

37
Q

What was the Naturalization Act?

A

Required aliens to live in the U.S for 14 years before being able to apply for citizenship.

38
Q

What were the Alien Acts?

A

Allowed the president to deport aliens.

39
Q

What was the Sedition Act?

A

A crime to speak or write false criticisms to try and weaken the government.

40
Q

What Amendment did the Sedition Act contradict?

A

The 1st amendment

8th History (15 decks)

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