Chapter 9

Question 1

Often this is called a target population because of the importance of focusing on exactly who the study objects are and where they are located.

Answer 1

Population or Universe

Question 2

Consist of obtaining information from a portion of a larger group or population.

Answer 2

Sampling

Question 3

Why Sampling?

Answer 3

1. Cost Savings
2. Time Economy
3. More in-dept
4. Less total error
5. Greater practicality
6. Greater security

Question 4

Is introduced into the research result from an source other than sampling

Answer 4

Nonsampling Error

Question 5

Occurs when the sample does not perfectly represent the population under study.

Answer 5

Sampling Error

Question 6

Is introduced into a sample when the sample varies in some systemic way from the larger population.

Answer 6

Sample Bias

Question 7

The size of the sample will be a function of the accuracy of the sample.

Answer 7

Sample Size

Question 8

Sampling Decision Model Steps:

Answer 8

1. Define popultion
2. Determine Sampling Frame
3. Select Sampling Method
4. Determine the Sample Size
5. Select the Sample

Question 9

A listing of the members of the target population that can be used to create and draw the sample.

Answer 9

Sampling Frame

Question 10

Samples where each element has a known chance to be included in the sample.

Answer 10

Probability Sampling

Question 11

Sampling Techniques the do not involve the selection of sample elements by chance.

Answer 11

Nonprobability Sampling

Question 12

A technique that allows each element of the population an equal and known chance of being selected as part of the sample.

Answer 12

Simple Random Sample

Question 13

Characterized by the fact that the total population is (1) decided into mutually exclusive subgroups and that (2) a simple random sample is then chosen from each subgroup.

Answer 13

Stratified Sample.

Question 14

The population is divided into mutually exclusive subgroups, and the next step involves the selection of a random sample of subgroups rather than a random sample from each subgroup.

Answer 14

Cluster Sample

Question 15

Every element has a known but not equal chance of being selected.

Answer 15

Systematic Sample

Question 16

Any process that quickly and easily selects sample elements.

Answer 16

Convenience Sample

Question 17

A subjective approach to sampling, the knowledge and experience of a professional researcher can create a very representative sample.

Answer 17

Judgment Sample

Question 18

Takes great pains to obtain a representative sample by dividing the population and assigning appropriate quotas based on prior knowledge and understanding of the characteristics of the population.

Answer 18

Quota Sample

Question 19

Refers to the strength of a relationship of the magnitude of a difference between two values

Answer 19

Substantive Significance