Chapter 9

Question 1

Half of the yield gains in cereal crops is due to genetic improvement

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Strict cross-pollination do not require an outside source of pollen

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Yield is an example of a quantitative trait

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Flower color is an example of a quantitative trait

Answer 4

False

Question 5

Peas are an example of cross-pollinating species

Answer 5

False

Question 6

The resulting phenotypic ratio of cross of two heterozygotes would be 3:1

Answer 6

True

Question 7

A genotype of GG would be homozygous

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Lodging resistances is an example of a harvestability trait

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Persistence is a trait that would most often be improved in annuals

Answer 9

False

Question 10

Plants breeding strategies do not depend on pollination systems

Answer 10

False

Question 11

High amounts of genetic variation in germ plasm are desired at the start of a breeding program

Answer 11

True

Question 12

The USDA is not currently conducting plant explorations

Answer 12

False

Question 13

Cross-pollinated species tend to be more uniform than self-pollinated pieces

Answer 13

False

Question 14

Hybridization is generally a better technique than mass selection for cross-pollinated species

Answer 14

True

Question 15

Agrobacterium tumefacins can transmit its DNA to other cells

Answer 15

True

Question 16

In 2007, the majority of cotton, alfalfa and corn planted was genetically modified

Answer 16

False

Question 17

It is possible to transfer a single gene using traditional breeding methods

Answer 17

False

Question 18

The maximum number of genetic traits that can be transferred to a single cultivar is four

Answer 18

False

Question 19

Most modern crop varieties are patented to protect the intellectual property of those who developed them

Answer 19

True

Question 20

When pollen is transferred to the stigma of the same flower it is: 
       A. Self-Pollination
       B. Cross-Pollination 
       C. Mixed Pollination 
       D. Vegetative Pollination

Answer 20

A. Self-Pollination

Question 21

DNA is organized into units called: 
       A. Amino Acids 
       B. Genes 
       C. Cytoplasm 
       D. Proteins

Answer 21

B. Genes

Question 22

Plants that have two copies of each chromosomes are: 
       A. Diploids  
       B. Polyploids 
       C. Hexaploids 
       D. Tetraploids

Answer 22

A. Diploids

Question 23

The total genetic makeup of a plant is knows as its: 
       A. Phenotype 
       B. Variation 
       C. Genotype
       D. Allelotype

Answer 23

C. Genotype

Question 24

The term that described a group of genetically similar plants that can be distinguished from other groups within the same species is: 
       A. Crop 
       B. Cultivar 
       C. Selection 
       D. F1 Generation

Answer 24

B. Cultivar

Question 25

``` Which of the following is NOT an example of a harvestability trait? A. Increased leafiness B. Uniformity of maturity C. Lodging resistance D. Shatter resistance ```

Answer 25

A. Increased leafiness

Question 26

``` The development of a new cultivar averages how many years? A. 3 B. 5 C. 7 D. 9 ```

Answer 26

B. 5

Question 27

``` The advancement of which of the following crops is considered America's greatest achievement? A. Soybean B. Wheat C. Barley D. Corn ```

Answer 27

D. Corn

Question 28

``` Which of the following crops have had their genome sequenced? A. Rice B. Sorghum C. Oats D. Buckwheat ```

Answer 28

A. Rice

Question 29

``` How are transgenic plants generated once genes have been transferred into cells using biotechnology? A. by tissue culture B. by seed C. by rhizome D. by stolon ```

Answer 29

A. by tissue culture

Question 30

``` What is the most prevalent trait that has been incorporated into transgenic crops? A. Yield Gain B. Herbicide Resistance C. Disease Resistance D. Lodging Resistance ```

Answer 30

B. Herbicide Resistance

Question 31

``` Saving seed that is patented and then growing or selling it is called: A. Seed Piracy B. Seed Banking C. Seed Hybridizing D. Seed Breeding ```

Answer 31

A. Seed Piracy

Question 32

Male and female reproductive cells are called _______

Answer 32

Gametes

Question 33

Chromosomes are located in the ______ of the cell

Answer 33

Nucleus

Question 34

The type of cell division that results in gametes is called ______

Answer 34

Meiosis

Question 35

Alternate forms of the same gene are called ______

Answer 35

Alleles

Question 36

Traits that are controlled by the one or more genes are ________

Answer 36

Qualitative

Question 37

A sudden heritable change in the nucleotides sequence is a _______

Answer 37

Mutation

Question 38

A breeding program for a self-pollinating crop commonly would include _____ selection

Answer 38

Pedigree

Question 39

GMO strands for _________

Answer 39

Genetically Modified Organisms

Question 40

_______ is technology that allows the transfer of one or a few genes of interest

Answer 40

Genetic Engineering

Question 41

In genetic engineering two common ways to transfers genes are via a ________ or a _______

Answer 41

Bacterium or Gene Gun

Question 42

The bacterium used to transfer genes is _________

Answer 42

Agrobacterium tumefacins

Question 43

_______ are DNA segments that facilitate the selection of useful traits

Answer 43

Molecule Markers

Question 44

A _____ trait variety is a crop with more than one transgenic trait

Answer 44

Stocked

Question 45

Alfalfa

Answer 45

Cross-pollinated

Question 46

Barley

Answer 46

Self-Pollinated

Question 47

Flax

Answer 47

Self-Pollinated

Question 48

Cotton

Answer 48

Both Self- and Cross-Pollinated

Question 49

Corn

Answer 49

Cross-Pollinated

Question 50

Sunflower

Answer 50

Cross-Pollinated

Question 51

Soybean

Answer 51

Self-Pollinated

Question 52

Sorghum

Answer 52

Both Self- and Cross-Pollinated

Question 53

Rice

Answer 53

Self-Pollinated

Question 54

Mustard

Answer 54

Cross-Pollinated

Question 55

Potato

Answer 55

Cross-Pollinated

Question 56

Amaranth

Answer 56

Both Self- and Cross-Pollinated