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Crops > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Half of the yield gains in cereal crops is due to genetic improvement

A

True

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2
Q

Strict cross-pollination do not require an outside source of pollen

A

False

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3
Q

Yield is an example of a quantitative trait

A

True

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4
Q

Flower color is an example of a quantitative trait

A

False

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5
Q

Peas are an example of cross-pollinating species

A

False

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6
Q

The resulting phenotypic ratio of cross of two heterozygotes would be 3:1

A

True

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7
Q

A genotype of GG would be homozygous

A

True

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8
Q

Lodging resistances is an example of a harvestability trait

A

True

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9
Q

Persistence is a trait that would most often be improved in annuals

A

False

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10
Q

Plants breeding strategies do not depend on pollination systems

A

False

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11
Q

High amounts of genetic variation in germ plasm are desired at the start of a breeding program

A

True

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12
Q

The USDA is not currently conducting plant explorations

A

False

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13
Q

Cross-pollinated species tend to be more uniform than self-pollinated pieces

A

False

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14
Q

Hybridization is generally a better technique than mass selection for cross-pollinated species

A

True

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15
Q

Agrobacterium tumefacins can transmit its DNA to other cells

A

True

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16
Q

In 2007, the majority of cotton, alfalfa and corn planted was genetically modified

A

False

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17
Q

It is possible to transfer a single gene using traditional breeding methods

A

False

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18
Q

The maximum number of genetic traits that can be transferred to a single cultivar is four

A

False

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19
Q

Most modern crop varieties are patented to protect the intellectual property of those who developed them

A

True

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20
Q 
When pollen is transferred to the stigma of the same flower it is: 
       A. Self-Pollination
       B. Cross-Pollination 
       C. Mixed Pollination 
       D. Vegetative Pollination
A

A. Self-Pollination

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21
Q 
DNA is organized into units called: 
       A. Amino Acids 
       B. Genes 
       C. Cytoplasm 
       D. Proteins
A

B. Genes

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22
Q 
Plants that have two copies of each chromosomes are: 
       A. Diploids  
       B. Polyploids 
       C. Hexaploids 
       D. Tetraploids
A

A. Diploids

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23
Q 
The total genetic makeup of a plant is knows as its: 
       A. Phenotype 
       B. Variation 
       C. Genotype
       D. Allelotype
A

C. Genotype

24
Q 
The term that described a group of genetically similar plants that can be distinguished from other groups within the same species is: 
       A. Crop 
       B. Cultivar 
       C. Selection 
       D. F1 Generation
A

B. Cultivar

25
Q 
Which of the following is NOT an example of a harvestability trait? 
       A. Increased leafiness
       B. Uniformity of maturity 
       C. Lodging resistance 
       D. Shatter resistance
A

A. Increased leafiness

26
Q 
The development of a new cultivar averages how many years? 
       A. 3 
       B. 5
       C. 7
       D. 9
27
Q 
The advancement of which of the following crops is considered America's greatest achievement? 
       A. Soybean 
       B. Wheat 
       C. Barley 
       D. Corn
28
Q 
Which of the following crops have had their genome sequenced? 
       A. Rice  
       B. Sorghum 
       C. Oats 
       D. Buckwheat
29
Q 
How are transgenic plants generated once genes have been transferred into cells using biotechnology? 
       A. by tissue culture 
       B. by seed 
       C. by rhizome 
       D. by stolon
A

A. by tissue culture

30
Q 
What is the most prevalent trait that has been incorporated into transgenic crops? 
       A. Yield Gain  
       B. Herbicide Resistance 
       C. Disease Resistance
       D. Lodging Resistance
A

B. Herbicide Resistance

31
Q 
Saving seed that is patented and then growing or selling it is called: 
       A. Seed Piracy  
       B. Seed Banking 
       C. Seed Hybridizing 
       D. Seed Breeding
A

A. Seed Piracy

32
Q

Male and female reproductive cells are called _______

33
Q

Chromosomes are located in the ______ of the cell

34
Q

The type of cell division that results in gametes is called ______

35
Q

Alternate forms of the same gene are called ______

36
Q

Traits that are controlled by the one or more genes are ________

A

Qualitative

37
Q

A sudden heritable change in the nucleotides sequence is a _______

38
Q

A breeding program for a self-pollinating crop commonly would include _____ selection

39
Q

GMO strands for _________

A

Genetically Modified Organisms

40
Q

_______ is technology that allows the transfer of one or a few genes of interest

A

Genetic Engineering

41
Q

In genetic engineering two common ways to transfers genes are via a ________ or a _______

A

Bacterium or Gene Gun

42
Q

The bacterium used to transfer genes is _________

A

Agrobacterium tumefacins

43
Q

_______ are DNA segments that facilitate the selection of useful traits

A

Molecule Markers

44
Q

A _____ trait variety is a crop with more than one transgenic trait

45
Q

Alfalfa

A

Cross-pollinated

46
Q

Barley

A

Self-Pollinated

47
Q

Flax

A

Self-Pollinated

48
Q

Cotton

A

Both Self- and Cross-Pollinated

49
Q

Corn

A

Cross-Pollinated

50
Q

Sunflower

A

Cross-Pollinated

51
Q

Soybean

A

Self-Pollinated

52
Q

Sorghum

A

Both Self- and Cross-Pollinated

53
Q

Rice

A

Self-Pollinated

54
Q

Mustard

A

Cross-Pollinated

55
Q

Potato

A

Cross-Pollinated

56
Q

Amaranth

A

Both Self- and Cross-Pollinated

Crops (14 decks)

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