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US History > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Why was the revolution more of an evolution than a revolution?

A

Life went of normally during war, many not disturbed and some didn’t know

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2
Q

Why were large changes in the social, political, societal, governmental ushered in?

A

Departure of 80k loyalists paved way for Patriot ideas

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3
Q

The aftermath of the American Revolution triggered what social changes?

A
  • Reduced property requirements for voting
  • Trade and labor organizations founded
  • Movement for church and state seperation
  • Efforts to abolish slavery
  • Women became bigger part through republican motherhood
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4
Q

What is republican motherhood?

A

Women are the shapers of future citizens

Mothers instilled virtue into family, held future of nation

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5
Q

When states drafted state constitutions, why was Massachusetts important?

A

They had idea of special convention for drafting and people would ratify the constitution. Changes could only be made by constitutional convention

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6
Q

What were some of the similarities in state constitutions?

A
  • Bill of rights
  • Annual election of legislators
  • Little authority for executive
  • Weak judiciary and executive branches
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7
Q

Why did state capitals move western?

A

To better represent poorer western districts

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8
Q

What accelerated economic equality?

A

States taking control of British lands and cutting loyalist land

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9
Q

Why stimulated manufacturing before, during, and after the war?

A
  • Prewar nonimportation
  • War itself
  • Cut off of British goods
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10
Q

Even though manufacturing was stimulated before, during, and after war, what did American remain based on?

A

Agriculture

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11
Q

How did the Revolution have economic drawbacks?

A
  • No more trade with British
  • Inflation and failure to pass taxes
  • Governmental inability to control commerce
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12
Q

Why were the Articles not fully ratified until years later?

A

Western lands

Land-rich states could sell western land to pay of debts, while eastern states did not have this benefit

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13
Q

Why did the turning of western lands to government before Articles help to unify states?

A

States throwing land to cmmon pot would have to stay in Union to receive benefits from land sales

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14
Q

What branch(es) did the Articles have?

A

Legislative, no executive and judicial was left up to states

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15
Q

Why were the Articles designed to make Congress weak?

A

States just won control of taxation and commerce and didn’t want to yield to American parliament

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16
Q

Land Ordinance

A

Land surveyed and sold to pay debts. Townships of 36 sections with 16th being used for public schools

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17
Q

Northwest Ordinance

A

Land becomes state with 60,000. Slavery forbade.

18
Q

What caused bad American relationships with British, Spain, France, and Pirates

A
  • British: declined to make commercial treaty, retained land in America
  • Spain: Closed Mississippi to American for commerce, claimed American area south
  • France: demanded repayment of debts, closed trade with West Indies
  • Pirates: ravaged commercial ships
19
Q

Why did British retain land in America?

A

To motivate Indians against US

20
Q

Who ultimately did not allow American expansion?

A

Spain and Britain

21
Q

What happened in Shays’s Rebellion? What did the rebellers demand?

A

Debt-ridden farmers lead by Daniel Shays losing land to foreclosures rebelled. Demanded paper money issued by state, lighter taxes, and to suspend property takeovers.

22
Q

What was the main reason for the replacement of Articles with Constitution?

A

Gave Congress no power to regulate commerce or to enforce taxation

23
Q

What revolutionary leaders were present at the constitutional convention? Which weren’t?

A
  • Washington, Ben Franklin, James Madison, Alex Hamilton

- Jefferson, John/Sam Adams, Thomas Paine, Hancock, Patrick Henry

24
Q

WHo was the “father of the Constitution”?

A

James Madison

25
Q

What were some of the reasons for revising Articles?

A
  • Gain better control over commerce
  • Curbing unlimited democracy in states
  • Strengthening central government
  • Safeguarding the Union from uprisings
  • Preserve Union
26
Q

Virginia Plan

A

Scheme suggested as framework with representation based on population size

27
Q

New Jersey Plan

A

Scheme suggested as framework with 1 vote per state

28
Q

The Constition was (common/civil) law.

A

Common

Unnecessary to elaborate on every detail; basic overview

29
Q

What were some of the details of Constitution?

A
  • Strong central government
  • Presidented elected by Electoral College
  • Slaves count as 3/5
  • Lifetime appointments for federal judges
  • Closing slave trade in 1807
30
Q

What was the reason for a president in the executive branch? (as in, what event inspired this?)

A

Massachusetts governor suppressed Shays’ Rebellion

31
Q

Why were pirates able to attack commercial ships?

A

No protection from British anymore

32
Q

What was the real reason for an Electoral College?

A

To give elite and educated an upper hand in voting

33
Q

What were some of the conflicts argued at the Constitutional Convention?

A
  • Federalism
  • State representation
  • Slave representation
34
Q

What were the things not abided in Treaty of Paris?

A
  • Loyalists treated fairly by Americans
  • British couldn’t have any land in US
  • Repay British mercahnts
35
Q

Antifederalism

A

Opposed to stronger federal government

36
Q

Among antifederalists were:

A

Poor class, debtors, farmers, state rights devotees

37
Q

Among federalists were:

A

Areas along sea, wealthier, educated, better organized, men of power

38
Q

What are the ideas of antifederalists?

A
  • Opposition to strong central government
  • Claimed Constitution was drawn up by aristocratic elements designed for wealthy to protect interests
  • In support of addition of Bill of Rights
  • Position challenged in The Federalist
39
Q

Why did the final four states, Virginia, New York, North Carolina, and Rhode Island end up ratifying Constituion

A

After pressure from government. If they did not ratify, they would separate from Union

40
Q

The Federalist

A

Federalistic articles written in NY newspapers by Alex Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison

41
Q

What state temporarily permitted women to vote after Revolution?

A

New Jersey

42
Q

What was the provision in the Constitution that would erect safeguards against democratic excesses?

A

Appointment of federal judges for life

US History (21 decks)

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