Chapter 16

Question 1

What single thing halted ideas of abolition in early republic?

Answer 1

Invention of cotton gin

Question 2

On which type of farms did separation of slave families occur most often?

Answer 2

Small plantations in upper South

Question 3

What did the earliest abolition efforts focus on?

Answer 3

Sending slaves back to Africa

Question 4

How did Garrison and Douglass differ?

Answer 4

Douglass embraced political tactics unlike Garrison

Question 5

What was the main reason that the North and South stayed together antebellum?

Answer 5

Economy

Question 6

After 1840, how much of all exports did cotton account for?

Answer 6

One half

Question 7

How much of Britain’s cotton were from the US? What percent of population worked in mills using cotton?

Answer 7

3/4; 20%

Question 8

Why was the South confident in its relationship with Britain? Why shouldn’t they have been?

Answer 8

• They had large stake in US’s cotton industry

- They could have found new cotton supplier

Question 9

What percent of southerners own slaves?

Answer 9

25%

Question 10

Which 2 people were the spokespeople for slavery in the south?

Answer 10

Calhoun and Davis

Question 11

What were plantation women responsible for?

Answer 11

Delegating duties to staff

Question 12

Which region of the South was most stable for slave families?

Answer 12

Lower South

Question 13

Which location was the perfect location for runaway slaves?

Answer 13

Canada

Question 14

South = WASP; what does WASP mean?

Answer 14

White anglo-saxon protestant

Question 15

Why didn’t immigrants come to South?

Answer 15

Couldn’t compete with free slave labor

Question 16

Why were whites without slaves largest supporters of slavery?

Answer 16

• American dream to own slaves

- Took pride in social place above them

Question 17

Did mountaineers support slavery?

Answer 17

No, helped North when Union disbanded

Question 18

Who was William T. Johnson?

Answer 18

Freed black slave who owned slaves himself

Question 19

How did the North and South differ in their views on black race/individuals?

Answer 19

North: hated individual, liked race
South: liked individual, hated race

Question 20

Who was N.P. Gordon?

Answer 20

Only slave trader to be caught after it was outlawed

Question 21

Why did the slave population rise so much after slave trade was outlawed?

Answer 21

Natural reproduction

Question 22

What fostered growth of internal slave trade?

Answer 22

Outlaw of international slave trade (from Africa)

Question 23

Who was Harriet Beecher Stowe and what did he create?

Answer 23

Author who advocated against separation of families in slave auctions with book Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Question 24

Why was the whip used often?

Answer 24

Form of negative reinforcement, as positive reinforcement (salary) was not used

Question 25

Where was slave life most difficult, but most stable?

Answer 25

“Black belt”/deep South

Question 26

What preaching style was popularized when slave culture developed?

Answer 26

Responsorial

Question 27

Why were slaves denied ability to read/write?

Answer 27

Reading leads to ideas leading to discontent

Question 28

What happened in Nat Turner’s rebellion?

Answer 28

Nat Turner killed 60 Virginian men and women

Question 29

What happened on ship Amistad?

Answer 29

Slaves took control of ship heading to US from Africa; granted freedom by John Q. Adams in trial

Question 30

What were the ideas of early abolitionists (from birth of republic? What association was founded?

Answer 30

• To send slaves back to Africa

- American Colonization Society

Question 31

Where did the American Colonization Society want to send emancipated slaves?

Answer 31

Republic of Liberia

Question 32

Why did most slaves not want to go back to Africa for emancipation?

Answer 32

They were American-born citizens

Question 33

Who was Theodore Weld?

Answer 33

Preacher, inspired by Finney, who advocated abolition; created American Slavery As It Is

Question 34

Who led 2 major rebellions in the ’20s and ’30s?

Answer 34

Denmark Vesey and Nat Turner

Question 35

Who were the most militant abolitionists?

Answer 35

William Lloyd Garrison and David Walker

Question 36

What were the results of the 2 major rebellions?

Answer 36

• Concern from whites
• Brutal punishments and harsher code
• Advocation of white supremacy

Question 37

Who was William Lloyd Garrison?

Answer 37

• Militant editor of the Liberator
• Promoted secession; no solution to end slavery
• Did not use political tactics
• Created tension without a solution
• Dragged through Boston streets

Question 38

What society was formed as a result of Garrison’s abolitionist ideals?

Answer 38

American Anti-Slavery Society

Question 39

Who was Wendell Phillips

Answer 39

Member of American Anti-Slavery Society who refused to buy goods made by slaves

Question 40

Who was David Walker?

Answer 40

Radical black man who wanted slavery and white supremacy finished immediately; created Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World

Question 41

Who was Sojourner Truth?

Answer 41

Freed slave who fought for emancipation

Question 42

Who was Frederick Douglass?

Answer 42

Freed slave who gave impromptu speech at antislavery meeting and created Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass

Question 43

Who was Elijah Lovejoy?

Answer 43

First martyr; continued to make printing press after it was destroyed and was eventually killed by mob

Question 44

Why did antislavery societies below Mason-Dixon line fizzle out?

Answer 44

Virginia outlawed antislavery societies

Question 45

What was the Gag Resolution and who fought for its appeal?

Answer 45

Prohibited talks of slavery in Congress; John Quincy Adams

Question 46

What prompted a defense of slavery by slave owners?

Answer 46

• Rebellions
• Liberator/abolitionists
• Nullification Crisis

Question 47

Why did North not secede from South?

Answer 47

South owed them $300 mil