Chapter 11 Flashcards
How did Federalists mudsling against Jefferson?
Called him out on affair with slave Sally Hemmings
How did Republicans win 1800 election?
- 3/5 slave vote
- Hate for federalists due to taxes and war preparations for no war as well as abuses of power
- Burr convincing NY
What occurred in the 1800 election that was odd?
Jefferson tied with VP Burr
How did Jefferson eventually win the 1800 election?
Hamilton was deciding vote; he hated Burr
Why is the 1800 election referred to as the Revolution of 1800
First peaceful transition of power from one political party to the other
What was Jefferson’s mission as he viewed it?
- Restored republican experiment
- Check growth of government power
What happened in the Judiciary Act of 1801?
Before Adams left presidency, signed 16 new judgeships called “midnight judges”
Why did Adams sign the midnight judges?
To keep Federalists in power, judges were in court for life with good behavior
What law was immediately repealed by Jefferson and why?
Excise tax because it hurt common person
Why did Marbury sue?
WHen Judiciary Act of 1801 was repealed, Marbury ordered Madison deliver document saying that he had job in government still. Madison refused
What was the final ruling in the Madison v. Marbury case? What did this set for future rulings?
- Judge John Marshall deemed the law that Marbury attempted to try case on as unconstitutional
- Established principle of “judicial review”, that Supreme Court interpret what was constitutional
Why was John Marshall picked as chief justice?
Picked by Adams to keep Federalists in power
What was important about the impeachment of Samuel Chase?
Jefferson impeached Chase, this was last attempt to reshape Supreme Court through impeachment
Why did Jefferson reduce military to navy?
To protect republican ideals
Why did America want New Orleans?
As trading port for farmers to float vessels down river to
-Americans afraid Pinckney’s treaty which allowed them to do this was annuled with Napoleon buying region from Spain
Why did Napoleon sell whole Louisiana Territory?
- Afraid of slave revolt led by Toussaint L’ouverture in Santo Domingo
- Afraid America would join British
- Hoped America would be able to battle British soon
- Wanted money to fund war against British
Why were Lewis and Clark sent into Louisiana Territory?
TO be a scientific and geographic study of territory
Which battles showed British and French ruled their respective battle fields?
- Battle of Trafalgar: British ruled seas
- Battle of Austerlitz: French ruled land
Why were Orders in Council and French decrees created?
French and British were forced to strike indirect blows
Why was Hamilton killed?
He challenged Burr to duel after he foiled his conspiracy
Who did Burr attempt to join to plot secession of west?
James Wilkinson
What happened in the Chesepeake Affair?
Chesapeake (American ship) shot at by British because they claimed deserters were on ship
What were the effects of the Chesapeake Affair?
Increased hostility because Jefferson clung to peace
Why did Jefferson enforce the Embargo Act?
If America cut off goods, Britain and France would be forced to respect US neutral shipping rights
Why did the embargo fail?
- Underestimated British determination, overestimated dependence on American goods
- Not continued long enough or tightly enough
What did Macon’s Bill No. 2 state?
That trade would be reopened with only that nation fit hey stopped harassing
What did Madison gamble on with Macon’s Bill?
Resuming trade with Napoleon
What was the outcome of Macon’s Bill
America tricked against British, Madison reestablishes nonimportation against British with Napoleon
Who was John Calhoun?
Democratic-Republican war hawk
In the 1811 Congress meeting, what did the war hawks want?
War with British and to eliminate Indians
Where were the war hawks typically from?
South and west
Who were TEcumseh and The Prophet?
Shawnee brothers who led Indians against Americans
What did Tecumseh and his brother motivate Indians to do?
- Not cede land to whites
- Keep traditions and culture alive
Why had William Henry Harrison invaded indian land?
Convinced British were supplying Indians
Why did Tecumseh ally with British?
Prophet was killed when Harrison attacked village
What happened in the Battle of Tippecanoe?
William Henry Harrison routed Shawnees and burned settlement. Also killed the Prophet.
Why did the 1812 congress push Madison into war?
- Impressments under Orders in Council
- Harassing and seizing hsips
- British inciting Indians
What was the 1812 Congress war hawks also eager to do? Why?
Invade Canada to have citizens become Democratics
Why was 1812 Congress split on whether or not to go to war?
New England wants trade with Britain again
Why did New England oppose the idea of invading Canada?
It would add more agrarian states
What led to sectionalism?
Opinions on war between New England and war hawks in south
What region did not support the declaration of war?
New England
