Chapter 18

Question 1

Why especially did southerners hate the Underground Railroad?

Answer 1

Northerners were tolerant of slave runaway, reflecting judgement against slavery

Question 2

Why was the Free-Soil Party organized?

Answer 2

Organized during the 1848 election after distrusting silence on slavery from both sides (Cass and Taylor)

Question 3

What did the Free-Soil Party believe on the issue of slavery?

Answer 3

Block extension of slavery into new territories because it destroyed free white men’s chances of working up from wage-earning dependence

Question 4

What doctrine did the Free-Soil party follow on the issue of slavery?

Answer 4

Wilmot Proviso

Question 5

Why was California able to pass the territory stage and apply directly as a state?

Answer 5

California Gold Rush brought lawlessness and great population

Question 6

Who was in the Old Guard?

Answer 6

Clay, Calhoun, Webster

Question 7

What was Calhoun’s idea in 1850?

Answer 7

Prosouthern concessions only, 1 president for each section

Question 8

What was Daniel Webster’s stance on extension of slavery into new lands?

Answer 8

New territory was unfit for slaves to work

Question 9

How did the North react to Daniel Webster’s Seventh of March speech?

Answer 9

Hated it and hated him

Question 10

What influenced Taylor to veto Compromise? Who create this?

Answer 10

“Higher law”, created by William H. Seward

Question 11

Why did Millard Fillmore approve of the Compromise after Taylor passed away?

Answer 11

He was president of Senate and was delighted at seeing sections able to work it out

Question 12

What did the North receive in the Compromise of 1850?

Answer 12

California as free state, disputed territory to New Mexico, slave trade abolished in DC

Question 13

What did the South receive in the Compromise of 1850?

Answer 13

Remainder of Mexican Cession territory formed into 2 territories (New Mexico and Utah) following popular sovereignty, Texas $10 mil compensation, stricter fugitive-slave law

Question 14

What was the single greatest event that turned the North against the South?

Answer 14

The passing of a stricter Fugitive-Slave Law as part of the Compromise of 1850

Question 15

Which section won the Compromise of 1850?

Answer 15

North

Question 16

Tell about Franklin Pierce’s ideologies

Answer 16

Although he was a northerner, he was an expansionist prosoutherner

Question 17

What was important about the election of 1852?

Answer 17

Last election Whigs were in

Question 18

What did America receive when it signed a treaty with Colombia?

Answer 18

Neutrality in the isthmus for ability to transit across

Question 19

Clayton-Bulwer Treaty

Answer 19

Signed between US and Britain to allow neutrality in Central American isthmuses

Question 20

Which 2 Central American nations did southerners tried to claim to expand slavery?

Answer 20

• Nicaragua

- Cuba

Question 21

Who declared himself president of Nicaragua?

Answer 21

William Walker

Question 22

What was the Ostend Manifesto?

Answer 22

Deal between US and Spain to buy Cuba (if failed, war would ensue)

Question 23

In the 2 openings of Asian markets, who sent who to where to negotiate?

Answer 23

• 1844: Tyler sent Caleb Cushing to China

- 1852: Fillmore sent Matthew C. Perry to Japan

Question 24

What was the treaty with China called?

Answer 24

Treaty of Wanghia

Question 25

What was the treaty with Japan called?

Answer 25

Treaty of Kanagawa

Question 26

What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act do to each party?

Answer 26

• Deeply split Democrat party

- Led to birth of Republican party

Question 27

What section did the Republican party attract?

Answer 27

Those above the Mason-Dixon Line

Question 28

Why did James Gadsden purchase the Gadsden Purchase?

Answer 28

To get land for a southern transcontinental railroad

Question 29

Why were transcontinental railroads need?

Answer 29

To connect western territories with eastern territories