Chapter 9 Flashcards
A concept hypothesized by Robert J. Sternberg to describe the ability to come up with efficient solutions to everyday problems.
Practical Intelligence
A way of referring to a person’s underlying general capacity to process complex information—to perform well on a variety of mental tasks. Initially hypothesized by Charles Spearman.
General Intelligence
The first version of the IQ test created by Alfred Binet. The purpose of the test was to predict academic performance so that children of deficient ability could be identified and placed in special remedial programs. The test has been revised four times over its 100-year history.
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
A standardized test of intelligence designed by David G. Wechsler. This was the first test to extend the IW to include testing of adults.
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-III)
Charles Spearman’s idea that you can take a person’s score on any test of mental ability and use it in a general way to predict his or her score on a test of any other mental ability.
Theorem of the Indifference of the Indicator
Objective measurement of a psychological attribute (such as intelligence or personality) using standardized tests.
Psychometric
A statistical measure of performance on intelligence tests based upon comparisons of a person’s score with the average scores of others of his or her age. Was originally conceived as a measure of children’s performance. When tests began to be administered to adults, new computational formulas had to be devised.
IQ (Intelligence Quotient)
A standardized test of intelligence for children devised by David G. Wechsler.
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV)
A bell-shaped pattern of score reflecting predictable individual differences in scoring on standardized tests.
Normal Distribution
Robert J. Sternberg’s theory that intelligence consists of three distinct types: analytic intelligence, creative intelligence, and practical intelligence.
Triarchic Theory of Successful Intelligence
An empirically based theory of intelligence devised by John B. Carroll that blends the idea of g with Horn and Cattell’s Gf-Gc theory and the idea that intelligence includes multiple cognitive abilities.
Three-Stratum Theory
Cattell and Horn’s term used to refer to largely innate analytic skills and abstract reasoning ability.
Fluid Intelligence (Gf)
Cattell and Horn’s term used to refer to skills or knowledge one acquires as a result of exposure to education and culture—what one has learned.
Crystallized Intelligence (Gc)
