Chapter 9 Flashcards
the use of medication to partially or totally block all sensation to an area of the body
anestesia
the use of medication to reduce the sensation of pain
analgesia
a form of touch that involves light circular fingertip movement on the abdomen a technique a woman can use in early labor
effleurage
the subarachnoid space
used in conjunction with epidural anesthesia
intrathecal
medications with opium like properties also known as narcotic analgesics the most frequently administered medications to provide analgsia during labor
opioids
nonpharmacologic interventions
continuous labor support
comfort measures
relaxation techniques
nonpharmacologic interventions for relief of labor pain
continuous labor support patterned breathing effleurage water therapy imagery hypnosis intradermal water injections acupressure and acupuncture
breathing patterned techniques for labor
slow paced breathing
modified-paced breathing
patterned-paced breathing or the pant-blow technique
name 2 general principles of pain relief during labor
inform the woman of pain management options and be supportive of the choices that she makes
relaxation techniques that help increase the woman’s ability to cope with labor pain
continuous labor support patterned breathing effleurage water therapy imagery hypnosis intradermal water injections acupressure and acupuncture
another name for opioids
narcotic analgesics
effects opioids have on the fetus and newborn
cause a change in the fetal heart pattern
cause respiratory depression
can led to maternal deaths by aspiration inadequate ventilation and overdosage
3 types of regional anesthesia
pudendal block
paracervical block
epidural anesthesia
combo of epidural/spinal anesthetic and spinal block
why is it critical for all facilities in which regional anesthesia is provided to have emergency equipment available?
in case a situation occurs such as the local anesthetic agent will inadvertently enter the bloodstream and cause a toxic reaction in the woman
pudendal block
is given just before the baby is born to provide pain relief for the birth
pharmacologic interventions
sedatives opioids paracervical block epidural analgesia/anesthesia intrathecal anesthesia- spinal block general anesthesia
describe the procedure for epidural placement
places a small catheter with local anesthetics or opioids to provide pain relief
the woman can be sitting up on the edge of the bed with her feet dangling or she may be side lying it is important for her to arch her spine because this position opens up the spaces between the vertebrae and allows for easier insertion of the catheter
4 complications associated with epidural or spinal anesthesia
hypotension total spinal blockade is rare paralysis fever headache respiratory depression
name 2 ways to reduce the threat of maternal aspiration when general anesthesia is used
intubation
RN monitors
