Chapter 7

Question 1

amniocentesis

Answer 1

a diagnostic procedure whereby a needle is inserted into the amniotic sac and a small amount of fluid is withdrawn and used for biochemical, chromosomal, and genetic studies.

Question 2

biophysical profile

Answer 2

a method that uses a combination of factors to determine fetal well-being

Question 3

chorionic villus sampling

Answer 3

a newer procedure that can provide chromosomal studies of fetal cells similar to that amniocentesis

Question 4

cordocentesis

Answer 4

a procedure similar to amniocentesis where by fetal blood is withdrawn from the umbilical cord.

Question 5

doula

Answer 5

Greek for servant; birth assistants who are trained to provide the highest quality emotional, physical, and educational support to women and their families during childbirth and the postpartum period.

Question 6

estimated date of confinement

Answer 6

the estimated date that the baby will be born

Question 7

estimated date of delivery

Answer 7

the estimated date that the baby will be born

Question 8

gravida

Answer 8

the number of pregnancies the woman has had regardless of the outcome

Question 9

microcephaly

Answer 9

a very small cranium

Question 10

multigravida

Answer 10

a woman who has had more that one pregnancy

Question 11

Nagele’s rule

Answer 11

formula used to determine the pregnancy due date by adding 7 days to the date of the first day of the last menstrual period (LMP), then subtracting 3 months.

Question 12

nulligravida

Answer 12

a woman who has never been pregnant

Question 13

parity

Answer 13

or para, communicates the outcome of previous pregnancies in the obstetric hystory

Question 14

percutaneous umbilical blood sampling

Answer 14

a procedure similar to amniocentesis where by fetal blood is withdrawn from the umbilical cord.

Question 15

sonogram

Answer 15

a picture obtained with ultrasound

Question 16

teratogens

Answer 16

from the Greek terato,meaning monster, and genesis,meaning birth; an agent or influence that causes a defect or disruption in the prenatal growth process. The effect of a teratogen depends on when it enters the fetal system and the stage of differentiation of the organs or organ systems at that time. Generally,the fetus is most vulnerable to teratogens during the first trimester.