Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PSY 242 > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

The Electomagnetic spectrum

A

Gammarays
X rays
UV Rays
Visible Light
Infrared Radiation
Microwaves
Radiowaves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

pathway for vision

A

Vision starts in enviroment
light energy becomes electromagnetic energy going into eyes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What kind of energy can go into the eyes

A

electromagnetic energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which wavelengths are humans sensitive to

A

400 nm - 700 mn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Longer the wavelength the _______ dangerous it is to humans

A

less

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Shorter wavelenghts are more _________ to humans

A

Dangerous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Clear outer covering protects the eye from dust

A

Cornea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Opening in eye that allows light in
Restricts how much light comes in the eye

A

Pupil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The white part of the eye is called ______ and it is in the ________

A

Scalara ; Iris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

This part of the eye changes its shape to focus light on retina

A

Lens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which part of the eye projects the light to retina

A

Lens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The lining at the back of the eye, and has neurons in it is called ____________

A

Retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Middle of a visual field is projected in the ___________ and it is the part of the __________

A

Fovea , Retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The image processed in the retina and in the brain is _______________

A

Upside down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

________ has muscles that allows ________ to dilate or constrict

A

Iris ; pupil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When do pupils dilate

A

Expand
Allows for more light to come in
Example: When being in a dim room

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When do pupils constrict

A

Gets smaller
Bright room
Allows less light to come in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Myopia

A

Object gets fuzzy as object gets far away
Nearsightedness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Hyperopia

A

Object hets fuzzy when closer
Far sightedness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Prebyopia

A

Version of hyperopia
When reading a book put book far away
Treated with reading classes
Too close cannot see propoerly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the main function of the retina

A

Retina converts light energy to neural energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Rods are ______

A

Long

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Cones are _______

A

Short

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the role of receptors

A

They want to send signals to ganglion cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Pathway of eye signalling
Receptors - Bipolar cells - Ganglion cells
26
Which receptors respond to light
Rods Cones
27
What do bipolar cells do
take action potentials from receptors and send them to ganglion cells
28
What do Horizontal cells do?
Allows signals between receptors (cones and rods) and allow one receptor to affect another
29
What do Amarine cells do?
Allows signalling between Ganglion cells
30
Are there more rods or cones in the retina
Rods
31
Where are Rods located
In the periphery
32
Fovea has no _______
Rods
33
Two main functions of Rods
1. We rely on rods in dim light conditions 2. Responsive to motion
34
Where are cones in the eye
Everywhere
35
High density of cones are in the __________
Fovea
36
3 main functions of cones
1. The fovea only has cones which allows of high detailed vision 2. Allows us to see colour in the visual field 3. Allows us to see in normal conditions
37
________ allows us to see in normal lighting conditions
Cones
38
What if we had only rods and no cones
We cannot see colour
39
Short Wavelength cones
Responding to light in the lower end of the spectrum Blue
40
M cones
Middle part of the spectrum : Green
41
L cones
High part of the spectrum : Red
42
Scotropic conditions
Night conditions Rod dependant
43
Phototrpic conditions
Light / Bright conditions Cones dependent
44
Which colour and wavelength is dominant in scotropic conditions
Rod dependant LW Blue
45
Which colour is more bright in Phototropic conditions
Yellow
46
Purkinjee shift
Shift from - Cone vision - Rod visiom Shift from Phototropic conditions - scotropic conditions
47
During day Receptor: Condition: Colour: Wavelength:
Cones Photopic Yellow Medium to high
48
During Night Receptor: Condition: Colour: Wavelength:
Rods Scotopic Blue Low
49
Two types of Ganglion cells
1. Magnocellular (M cells) 2. Parvocellular (P cells)
50
M cells
Signals from rods
51
P cells
Signals for cones through bipolar cells
52
Main pathway for vision
Geniculostriate pathway
53
Geniculostriate pathway
- EYE to LGN which is in the thalamus - LGN to visual cortex
54
EYE to LGN is a _____ way signal
One
55
LGN to VC is a ____ way singal
Two
56
Retinotropic map
Constructed so the LGN can organize signals Each part of the retina has its own corresponding area in the LGN
57
How many layers are in the LGN
6 Layers
58
Layer 1 and 2 are reserved for
M cells Rods Dim lighting Motion Scotopic Less light enviroments Pupils dilate Short wavelengths Blue
59
Layer 3 to 6 are reserved for
P cells Cones Normal lighting Colour Stationary objects Pupils constrict Medium - Long wavelengths Fovea Yellow
60
Tectopulvinar pathway
Visual signals travelling to superior colliculus in the midbrain
61
Tectopulvinar pathway is involved in _________
Reflexive eye movements Unconcious
62
Retinohypothalamic pathway is only used by ________ cells getting signals from__________
M Rods
63
Retinohypothalamic pathway
Retina - Hypothalamus Retina - SCN - pineal gland releases mealtonin Regulates sleep wake cycle
64
There is more area in the visual cortex to process _________
Fovea
65
Which cones do we have more of
Long and medium wavelength
66
Dichromacy
We dont have long WL cones Cannot see red More common i men

PSY 242 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions