Chapter 9

Question 1

Age of Absolutism

Answer 1

decreasing power of the church, rise of absolute monarchs (Louis XIV)
- royal patronage of the arts- arts paid by royalty
- music required for court life- many musicians worked in courts- ceremonies, banquets
- opera associated with courts- courts paid for opera

Question 2

Age of science

Answer 2

focus on scientific methods
- scales tempered more precisely
- systematic use of harmony
- regularity in rhythm
- emotions (affects) analyzed and classified and associated with certain musical ideas, different emotions on different keys/ melodic ideas

Question 3

careers for musicians

Answer 3

• church composers
• court composers- biggest career at this time
• opera house musicians- usually singers were stars

Question 4

Harmonic rhythm

Answer 4

the rate at which harmony (chords) change, steady in Baroque era, makes sense

Question 5

basic orchestra

Answer 5

string orchestra (Violin I and II, Viola, Cello, Bass) with continuo

Question 6

Festive orchestra

Answer 6

more elaborate version of basic orchestra plus brass, woodwinds, and percussion - used for festive occasions, often in the courts

Question 7

Sequence

Answer 7

repeating figure that changes in some way

Question 8

ornamentation

Answer 8

paired with virtuosity, addition of fast notes, motives, etc. to melody, often improvised, variation