chapter 7

Question 1

The renaissance

Answer 1

renaissance = “rebirth”
revival of ancient Greek and Roman culture

Question 2

Humanism

Answer 2

turned away from Greek and Roman thought; exploration

Question 3

Classicism

Answer 3

embraced Greek and Roman art

Question 4

Renaissance music

Answer 4

consonance, very controlled dissonance
mixes textures
simpler melodies, richer harmonies

Question 5

renaissance vs. Middle Ages

Answer 5

simpler, more singable melodies
richer harmonies
similar modes

Question 6

paraphrase

Answer 6

using medieval chant, making it metrical, embellishing it
- Values melodic character of chant (unlike medieval organum)
- in early homophony, paraphrase melody in top voice; supporting polyphonic voices create simple chords, plainchant harmonization

Question 7

Early homophony

Answer 7

paraphrase melody in top voice, plainchant harmonization

Question 8

Musica ficta

Answer 8

“fake” pitches outside modes that may have been changed in performance, usually accidentals that probably would have been used if written today

Question 9

ordinary

Answer 9

1. kyrie
2. gloria
3. credo
4. Sanctus
5. Agnus Dei

Question 10

imitation/ points of imitation

Answer 10

melodic lines are similar in shape and sound
- melodic voices enter one after another on different pitches, imitating each other
points of imitation = specific moments annotated within the piece where a melodic idea is echoed or repeated by another voice

Question 11

high renaissance style

Answer 11

consonant chords, smooth melodies
- acapella sound, medieval modes, alternation between homophony and imitation (motive paraphrases part of chant hymn), metric

Question 12

Late renaissance style

Answer 12

more homophony (council of Trent), clear declamation, more voices/parts/ richer sonorities

Question 13

renaissance motet

Answer 13

sacred texts, imitation and homophony, text painting
- Expression
- Different from medieval motet which combined sacred and secular texts

Question 14

declamation

Answer 14

the way words are set to music
- “accurate” = rhythms closely match natural speech, accurate declamation

Question 15

word painting

Answer 15

musical illustration of words or phrase

Question 16

Madrigal

Answer 16

Italy, secular one-stanza love poems, short composition, text in native language

Question 17

Renaissance dance music (1500s)

Answer 17

rhythm supports dance steps, simple textures, repetition
- new instruments developed or perfected
- strings (like violin), harpsichord

Question 18

Payan

Answer 18

slow solemn dance, duple meter

Question 19

galliard

Answer 19

lively dance, fast triple meter

Question 20

jig

Answer 20

very fast dance, compound meter
- Stylization- cadence elision

Question 21

Who were composers of the Renaissance?

Answer 21

Guillaume Dufay (1397-1471)

Josquin Desprez (1450-1521)- High Renaissance

Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina (1525-1594)- Late Renaissance

Question 22

Hildegard von Bingen

Answer 22

female composer- rare for women to be able to write music in the middle ages

Question 23

Who was an example of a troubadour composer?

Answer 23

Bernart de Ventadorn

Question 24

Who was an example of an organum composer?

Answer 24

Perotin

Question 25

Who was an example of an ars nova composer?

Answer 25

Guillaume de Machaut

Question 26

Council of Trent (1545)

Answer 26

• Met to reform worship and practices of the Church
• Considered banning complex polyphonic music