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Physiology-organization Of The Human Body > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

0
Q

Astrocytes provide a protection of the brain called _______

A

Blood brain barrier

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1
Q

At a synapse the neuron that is sending the action potential is _____

A

Presynaptic

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2
Q

This lines the cavities of the brain in the CNS ________

A

Ependymal

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3
Q

Produces the myelin in the CNS ______

A

Oligodendrocytes

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4
Q

Supports neurons in the ganglia _____

A

Satellite cells

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5
Q

Star shaped and supports neurons in the CNS

A

Astorcytes

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6
Q

Smallest size of the neuroglia

A

Microglia

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7
Q

Forms neurolemma and myelin in PNS

A

Schwann cell

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8
Q

3 functions of the nervous system

A

Sensory
Integrative
Motor

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9
Q

The synaptic cleft is the space that a ________ crosses to initiate a response in a post synaptic neuron

A

Neurotransmitter

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10
Q

What is the difference between a nerve and a tract

A

Nerve is in the PNS
Tract is in the CNS
Both are bundles of myelinated fibers

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11
Q

The insulating material of a neuron in the PNS

A

Myelin

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12
Q

Name 2 characteristics that would increase the speed of nerve transmission

A
  1. Myelinated fibers

2. Larger diameter

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13
Q

The body’s natural painkiller

A

Endorphins

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14
Q

A neurotransmitter that helps regulate moods is

A

Serotonin

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15
Q

The “fight or flight” nervous system is

A

Sympathetic

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16
Q

Describe the arrangement of the gray and white matter in the spinal cord

A

Gray is in the inside part of the spinal cord, myelinated

White surrounds the outer part, myelinated

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17
Q

Highly branched

Input part of the neuron

A

Dendrites

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18
Q

Unmyelinated gap in the myelin sheath

A

Nodes of ranvier

19
Q

Bundle of many axons in the CNS

A

Tract

20
Q

Neuron that conveys information from a receptor to the CNS

A

Sensory

21
Q

Group of cell bodies in the CNS

A

Nucleus

22
Q

Neuron that conveys information from the CNS to an effector

A

Motor neuron

23
Q

Produces myelin sheath in PNS

A

Schwann cell

24
Q

Group of cell bodies in PNS

A

Ganglion

25
Q

Long, cylindrical process that conducts impulses toward another neuron

A

Axon

26
Q

The portion of the neuron containing the nucleus

A

Cell body

27
Q

Sac in which the neurotransmitter is stored

A

Synaptic vesicles

28
Q

Neuron located entirely within the CNS

A

Integration

29
Q

Substance used for communication at chemical synapses

A

Neurotransmitter

30
Q

Bundle of many axons in the PNS

A

Nerve

31
Q

Rounded structure at the distal end of an axon terminal

A

Synaptic end bulb

32
Q

This type of neuron take impulses to muscles

A

Motor neuron

33
Q

An axon carries an impulse _____ from a cell body

A

Away

34
Q

A neurotransmitter must cross the ______ to initiate an impulse in a postsynaptic neuron

A

Synaptic cleft

35
Q

A motor neuron is an example of afferent or efferent nerve?

A

Efferent

36
Q

A myelinated neuron appears what color

A

White

37
Q

Ms is more common in men or women

A

Women

38
Q

Membrane where inner an outer surfaces have equal amounts of electrical charge

A

Depolarized

39
Q

Membrane where inner an outer surfaces have unequal amounts of electrical charge

A

Polarized

40
Q

Time during which a neuron can’t be stimulated to initiate an impulse

A

Refractory period

41
Q

Ions found in high concentration inside the plasma membrane

A

Potassium

42
Q

Ions found in high concentration outside the plasma membrane

A

Sodium

43
Q

The difference in electrical charge between the inside and outside of a plasma membrane

A

Resting potential

44
Q

The mechanism by which ions are moved through membrane from lesser to greater concentration

A

Sodium pump

Physiology-organization Of The Human Body (9 decks)

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