Chapter 9 Flashcards
What type of term is Weather?
Short-Term
What type of term is Climate?
Climate
What are the conditions that based Climate and Weather?
Temperature, Humidity, Cloudiness, Precipitation, Pressure, Winds
What does Climate mean?
Average weather conditions
**long period of time
What are the Climatic Classification?
Insolation/latitude
Temperature
Pressure
Air Masses
Precipitation
What are the principal temperature controls?
Latitude
Altitude
Cloud Cover
Land/Water
What are the four precipation mechanisms?
Convergent
Convectional
Orographic
Frontal
**Lifting
How is the precipitation in the Equatorial Region?
Trade Winds(Convergence)
Convection(Heating)
Ample Moisture
How is the precipitation in the Subtropics?
Sinking Air
Hadley Cells –> High P
How is the precipitation in the Mountain Region?
Windward –> Wet Climate
Leeward –> Dry Climate
**depends on what side you are on
How is the precipitation in the Continental Interiors?
Dry
Far away from water sources
describe Subtropics
desert regions
*sinking air
*no clouds
describe the equator region
wet/moisture region
describe mountain regions
variable
*depends on which side you are on
c
describe continental area
dry
*far away from moisture,
away from water source
what are the four temporal precipiation patterns?
Uniform
Summer Max
winter max
Double Maxima
What is Uniform temporal pre.?
when all months get EQUAL amounts
*equatorial & subtropical
*constant
What is summer max?
ONE time peak of rainfall
*summertime & tropical/monsoon
what is a winter max?
winter is wetter
peak during winter
*mediterranean
what is a double maxima?
peak 2x spring/fall
*tropical (ITCZ occurs & Solastice)
What are the Idealized Global Climates?
ITZC
Subtropical high
Subpolar Low
Polar Front
ITCZ ===
*temp & degree & season
HOT
0 degrees
All seasons wet
wet summer/dry wind
Subtropical ==
Warm
30 degrees
all seasons dry
Subpolar Low ===
Cool
60 degrees
dry summer/ wet winters
Polar Front ==
Cold
90 degrees
all seasons wet
what are the climate classifications?
Genetic & Empirical
Describe Genetic
forcing factors!!
*net radiation, thermal regime, & air masses
Describe empirical
Actual Data!!
*temp & precipi.
What are the climate regions of the world?
tropical
mesothermal
microthermal
polar & highland
desert
What are the 3 types of tropical?
rain forest
monsoon
savanna
what are the 3 types of mesothermal?
humid subtropical
marine west coast
mediterranean
what are they types of microthermal?
humind continental
subartic
**higher altitudes
what are the types of Polar & Highland?
Tundra/Ice Sheets
Altitude Effects
what types of Desert?
Arid
SemiArid
What is the largest climate region?
Desert
where can you find Tropical Climate?
Tropic of Cancer
Tropic of Capricon
Describe Tropical Climate?
Consistent Insolation/Daylength
year-around moisture
warm oceans==unstable atmosphere
Variability == Rainfalll
NO SEASONALITY
Describe Tropical Rainforest
Constantly wet
Huge water +++
Describe Tropical Monsoon
seasonal reversal of winds
1 month of dry season
Describe Tropical Savanna
Distinct wet/dry season
Equal length
Where are Buffer Zones?
Tropical Climate
*Savanna surrounded by rainforest/moonson
e
describe mesothermal climate?
“mild winter’
*warm temp
*true seaonality
examples:TEXAS, CSAT
how are the regions on the mesothermal climate?
regions dominate by changing air masses
s
how are the coasts on a mesothermal climate?
West Coast == Cold Current
East Coast == Warm Current
what are some other factors of mesothermal climate?
*wave/temp
midlatitude wave cyclones
decrease temp (poleward)
describe Humid subtropical
moist year-around
*cosistent rainfall
*dense forest
describe marine west coast
year-around moisuture
mild winters
*consistent rainfall
describe Mediterranean
dry summer
expansions subtropical high
cold currents
*high temp == sinking air == no clouds=====DRY CONDITIONS
describe microthermal climate
found higher/middle lat.
winter= cold/long
summer=hot–summer to cool–north
moisture: year-around small
TRUE OR FALSE
is there a microthermal in the southern hemp.?
FALSE
describe humid continental
Hot summer
mild summer
describe subartic
cool summer
very cold winter
describepolar/higland climate
no TRUE summers
temp == 24hrs daylight ( but cold asf)
moisture== dry as hell(FROZEN DESERTS)
describe tundra
summers ==basically freezing
permafrost
describe ice cap
below freezing == year-around
covered by ice caps/sheets
*ex.) Greeland & anartica
describe Desert(Arid/semi)
biggest climate region
demand»»supply
what are the four causes that make a Desert Climate?
Great Distance from Water
Rainshadow effects
subtropical highs
stabilizing ocean currents
