Chapter 9 Flashcards by Paola Figueroa

What type of term is Weather?

Short-Term

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What type of term is Climate?

Climate

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What are the conditions that based Climate and Weather?

Temperature, Humidity, Cloudiness, Precipitation, Pressure, Winds

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What does Climate mean?

Average weather conditions

**long period of time

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What are the Climatic Classification?

Insolation/latitude
Temperature
Pressure
Air Masses
Precipitation

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What are the principal temperature controls?

Latitude
Altitude
Cloud Cover
Land/Water

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What are the four precipation mechanisms?

Convergent
Convectional
Orographic
Frontal

**Lifting

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How is the precipitation in the Equatorial Region?

Trade Winds(Convergence)
Convection(Heating)
Ample Moisture

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How is the precipitation in the Subtropics?

Sinking Air
Hadley Cells –> High P

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How is the precipitation in the Mountain Region?

Windward –> Wet Climate
Leeward –> Dry Climate

**depends on what side you are on

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How is the precipitation in the Continental Interiors?

Dry
Far away from water sources

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describe Subtropics

desert regions
*sinking air
*no clouds

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describe the equator region

wet/moisture region

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describe mountain regions

variable
*depends on which side you are on

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describe continental area

dry
*far away from moisture,
away from water source

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what are the four temporal precipiation patterns?

Uniform
Summer Max
winter max
Double Maxima

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What is Uniform temporal pre.?

when all months get EQUAL amounts
*equatorial & subtropical

*constant

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What is summer max?

ONE time peak of rainfall
*summertime & tropical/monsoon

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what is a winter max?

winter is wetter
peak during winter
*mediterranean

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what is a double maxima?

peak 2x spring/fall
*tropical (ITCZ occurs & Solastice)

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What are the Idealized Global Climates?

ITZC
Subtropical high
Subpolar Low
Polar Front

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ITCZ ===

*temp & degree & season

HOT
0 degrees

All seasons wet
wet summer/dry wind

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Subtropical ==

Warm
30 degrees

all seasons dry

Subpolar Low ===

Cool
60 degrees

dry summer/ wet winters

Polar Front ==

Cold 90 degrees all seasons wet

what are the climate classifications?

Genetic & Empirical

Describe Genetic

forcing factors!! *net radiation, thermal regime, & air masses

Describe empirical

Actual Data!! *temp & precipi.

What are the climate regions of the world?

tropical mesothermal microthermal polar & highland desert

What are the 3 types of tropical?

rain forest monsoon savanna

what are the 3 types of mesothermal?

humid subtropical marine west coast mediterranean

what are they types of microthermal?

humind continental subartic | **higher altitudes

what are the types of Polar & Highland?

Tundra/Ice Sheets Altitude Effects

what types of Desert?

Arid SemiArid

What is the largest climate region?

Desert

where can you find Tropical Climate?

Tropic of Cancer Tropic of Capricon

Describe Tropical Climate?

Consistent Insolation/Daylength year-around moisture warm oceans==unstable atmosphere Variability == Rainfalll NO SEASONALITY

Describe Tropical Rainforest

Constantly wet Huge water +++

Describe Tropical Monsoon

seasonal reversal of winds 1 month of dry season

Describe Tropical Savanna

Distinct wet/dry season === Equal length

Where are Buffer Zones?

Tropical Climate *Savanna surrounded by rainforest/moonson

# e describe mesothermal climate?

"mild winter' *warm temp *true seaonality | examples:TEXAS, CSAT

how are the regions on the mesothermal climate?

regions dominate by changing air masses | s

how are the coasts on a mesothermal climate?

West Coast == Cold Current East Coast == Warm Current

what are some other factors of mesothermal climate? | *wave/temp

midlatitude wave cyclones decrease temp (poleward)

describe Humid subtropical

moist year-around *cosistent rainfall | *dense forest

describe marine west coast

year-around moisuture mild winters *consistent rainfall

describe Mediterranean

dry summer expansions subtropical high cold currents | *high temp == sinking air == no clouds=====DRY CONDITIONS

describe microthermal climate

found higher/middle lat. winter= cold/long summer=hot--summer to cool--north moisture: year-around small

TRUE OR FALSE is there a microthermal in the southern hemp.?

FALSE

describe humid continental

Hot summer mild summer

describe subartic

cool summer very cold winter

describepolar/higland climate

no TRUE summers temp == 24hrs daylight ( but cold asf) moisture== dry as hell(FROZEN DESERTS)

describe tundra

summers ==basically freezing permafrost

describe ice cap

below freezing == year-around covered by ice caps/sheets | *ex.) Greeland & anartica

describe Desert(Arid/semi)

biggest climate region demand>>>>supply

what are the four causes that make a Desert Climate?

Great Distance from Water Rainshadow effects subtropical highs stabilizing ocean currents