Chapter 10

Question 1

What was the warmest year?

Answer 1

2023

Question 2

How much does temp. increase by?

Answer 2

1.20 C

Question 3

what are
the four climate trends?

Answer 3

D. Temp. Range = Decreased precip.
sealevel rise =18.5 cm
snow covers = Dcreased
early spring melt—later fall frost(*longer growing season)

Question 4

what would effect the entire cryspher to be thawed/melted–67m?

Answer 4

Sea Level Rose:
permafrost thaws 3-10cm
sea ice melt 4 cm
greeland ice sheet 6.5
antartic ice sheet 60

Question 5

what are the two reasons climate is changing?

Answer 5

Natural Mechanisms
&
Human Mechanisms

Question 6

what are the natural mechanisms?

Answer 6

solar output
earth-sun
movement of continents
atmoshperic variability
volcanic activity

*SEMAV (SEMEN)LOL

Question 7

what are the human mechanisms?

Answer 7

land use/ land cover
atmoshperic chemistry

**greenhouse gases

Question 8

what is the solar constant?

Answer 8

1372

Question 9

what are the 3 earth-sun relationships?

Answer 9

EPO
E-eccentricity(earth orbit)
P-precession(axis)
O-obliquity(tilt)

*NEPO (w.out n)

Question 10

what is General Circulation Models

Answer 10

numerical climate model that simulates earths circulation
*past/future climate
*cause and effect

Question 11

what is the projected temp rise?

Answer 11

1.4-4.4 C

Question 12

what is the prediction of precipitation?

Answer 12

increase(decrease in sum)
10 to 30%

Question 13

what is also predicted for the future?

Answer 13

intense heat waves
droughts
heavy rain
tropical cyclones more intense

Question 14

In which of the climate regions is College Station located?

Question 15

Which of the following factors does not cause arid and semiarid climates?

Answer 15

Subpolar lows

Question 16

What’s the correct sequence of climate regions, going from the equator to the North Pole?

Answer 16

Tropical, Arid, Mesothermal, Microthermal, Polar

Question 17

True or false? As a consequence of climate change, precipitation has uniformly decreased around the world.

Answer 17

FALSE

Question 18

All of the following are natural mechanisms of climate change, except which one?

Answer 18

changes in earth-sun relationships
volcanic activity
movement of continents
land cover/land use change
atmosphere/ocean variability

*land cover

Question 19

Despite what we learned earlier in the semester, which of the following is not actually constant?

Answer 19

Earth’s elliptical orbit
Earth’s tilt
solar output (1372 W/m2)
axial parallelism
none of these are actually constant

*none

Question 20

Temperature increases due to climate change are occurring most strongly in which part of the globe?

Answer 20

arctic

Question 21

True or false? In the short term, large volcanic eruptions can cause global cooling

Answer 21

TRUE

Question 22

On which time scales can changes in earth-sun relationships affect climate?

Answer 22

geological

Question 23

True or false? Results from general circulation model simulations suggest that climate change is caused by a combination of anthropogenic (human) and natural factors

Answer 23

TRUE