Chapter 9 Flashcards
Of fluid is lost by vomiting or diarrhea what mineral is lost
Sodium
What is the principal extra cellular cation
Sodium
The average person consumes ______ of sodium
More than the recommended amount
What does chloride do in the body
Forms part of the Hydrochloric acid
What does potassium do in the body
Acts as principal intracellular electrolyte
Where is 99% of the body’s calcium located
Bones and teeth
On average adults absorb _______ of the calcium they ingest
30%
Calcium is the most abdundant mineral in the body which is the second most ?
Phosphorus
What does phosphorus do in the body
Assists in energy metabolism as a component of atp
What does magnesium do in the body
Is a cofactor for 300 enzymes
Is a hormone secreted by the thyroid gland that regulates blood calcium by lowering it when levels are too high
Calcitonin
A bone condition in which bones become thinner and weaker with age but not as servers as in osteoporosis
Osteopenia
Oxalates and phytates are _______ which are chemical compounds in food that can combine chemically with minerals and reduce bioavailability
Binders
Oxalates are acids in spinach which ______ calcium absorption
Reduce
Which mineral provides shape to proteins and is part of the vitamins thiamin and biotin and the amino acids cysteine and methionine
Sulfur
Minaeals are classified as major minerals or trace minerals, major minerals are needed twice a week and minor minerals are needed once a week
First statement true second statement is false
Which two minerals function as electrolytes and are necessary for proper nerve function and muscle contractions
Sodium and potassium
Condition characterized as high blood pressure
Associated with increased calcium excretion
Target of PTH release calcium
Target calcitonin increase calcium loss
Crystals of calcium and phosphorus found in bone and teeth
Hypertension
High salt intake
Bones
Kidneys
Hydroxyapatite
Food processing does not destroy minerals, minerals can be lost from foods
Both statements are true
