Chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Of fluid is lost by vomiting or diarrhea what mineral is lost

A

Sodium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the principal extra cellular cation

A

Sodium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The average person consumes ______ of sodium

A

More than the recommended amount

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does chloride do in the body

A

Forms part of the Hydrochloric acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does potassium do in the body

A

Acts as principal intracellular electrolyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where is 99% of the body’s calcium located

A

Bones and teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

On average adults absorb _______ of the calcium they ingest

A

30%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Calcium is the most abdundant mineral in the body which is the second most ?

A

Phosphorus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does phosphorus do in the body

A

Assists in energy metabolism as a component of atp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does magnesium do in the body

A

Is a cofactor for 300 enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Is a hormone secreted by the thyroid gland that regulates blood calcium by lowering it when levels are too high

A

Calcitonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A bone condition in which bones become thinner and weaker with age but not as servers as in osteoporosis

A

Osteopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Oxalates and phytates are _______ which are chemical compounds in food that can combine chemically with minerals and reduce bioavailability

A

Binders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Oxalates are acids in spinach which ______ calcium absorption

A

Reduce

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which mineral provides shape to proteins and is part of the vitamins thiamin and biotin and the amino acids cysteine and methionine

A

Sulfur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Minaeals are classified as major minerals or trace minerals, major minerals are needed twice a week and minor minerals are needed once a week

A

First statement true second statement is false

17
Q

Which two minerals function as electrolytes and are necessary for proper nerve function and muscle contractions

A

Sodium and potassium

18
Q

Condition characterized as high blood pressure

Associated with increased calcium excretion

Target of PTH release calcium

Target calcitonin increase calcium loss

Crystals of calcium and phosphorus found in bone and teeth

A

Hypertension

High salt intake

Bones

Kidneys

Hydroxyapatite

19
Q

Food processing does not destroy minerals, minerals can be lost from foods

A

Both statements are true