Chapter 4 Flashcards
Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth with what enzyme
Amylase
Which part of the GI tract does not actively digest carbohydrates
Stomach
Replacing simple carbohydrates with complex carbs typically results in a diet high in ?
Fiber
A lack of the enzyme _____ required to digest the disaccharide lactose into component monosaccharide results in _______ which can cause bloating, cramping, and diarrhea
Lactase
Lactose intolerant
Blood sugar part of every disaccharide
Found naturally in fruit; sweetest of sugars
Monosaccharide found in small amounts
Glucose + glucose
Glucose + fructose; table sugar
Galactose + glucose ; milk sugar
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
Maltose
Sucrose
Lactose
The process of _____ links two monosaccharides together by releasing water
The process of _______ uses water to break a disaccharide
Condensation
Hydrolysis
Polysaccharides are _______
A storage form of energy in the body is _____
The storage form of energy in plants is ______
______ provides structure in stems, roots, and leaves
Complex carbohydrate
Glycogen
Starch
Fiber
Soluble in water;benefit heart disease, diabetes
Not soluble in water; support GI health
Fibers extracted from plants or manufactured and added to foods or supplements
Soluble fibers
Insoluble fibers
Functional fibers
When blood glucose is too high pancreas secretes
When blood glucose is too low pancreas secretes
Insulin
Glucagon
Which statements about diabetes is false
Type 1 diabetes is very common
Type 2 diabetes is rare
Due to the presence of clostridium botulinum spores, honey is not recommended for what age group
Infant less than 1 year
A low FODMAP diet typically is used to improve the symptoms of
Irritable bowel syndrome
When blood glucose falls, which organ responds first
Pancreas
Which statement is true about food labeling
Total carbohydrates amounts include starches, sugars, fiber
Low carbohydrate diets
Affect weight loss about the same as low fat diets
