Chapter 12 Pt 2

Question 1

If fluid is lost by vomiting or diarrhea, what mineral is lost in greatest quantity

Answer 1

Sodium

Question 2

What is the principal extracellular cation

Answer 2

Sodium

Question 3

The average person in the US consumes _______ of sodium

Answer 3

More than the recommended amount

Question 4

What does chloride do in the body

Answer 4

Forms part of stomach Hydrochloric acid

Question 5

What does potassium do in the body

Answer 5

Acts as principal intracellular electrolyte

Question 6

Where is 99% of the body’s calcium located

Answer 6

Bones and teeth

Question 7

On average adults absorb _____ of the calcium they ingest

Answer 7

30%

Question 8

Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body. Which mineral is the second most abundant

Answer 8

Phosphorus

Question 9

What does phosphorus do in the body

Answer 9

Assists in energy metabolism as a component of atp

Question 10

What does magnesium do in the body

Answer 10

Is a cofactor for over 300 enzyme systems

Question 11

Is the hormone secreted by the thyroid gland that regulates blood calcium by lowering it when levels are too high

Answer 11

Calcitonin

Question 12

A bone condition in which bones become thinner and weaker with age, but not as severe as in osteoporosis is termed

Answer 12

Osteopenia

Question 13

Oxalates and phytates are _______ which are chemical compounds in food can combine chemically with minerals and reduce their bioavailability

Answer 13

Binders

Question 14

Oxalates are acids in spinach which _______ calcium absorption

Answer 14

Reduce

Question 15

Which mineral provides shape to proteins and is part of the vitamins thiamin and biotin and the amino acids cysteine and methionine

Answer 15

Sulfur

Question 16

Minerals are classified as major minerals or as trace minerals. Major minerals are needed twice a week and minor minerals are needed once a week

Answer 16

First statement is true

Second statement is false

Question 17

Which two minerals function as electrolytes and are necessary for proper nerve function and muscle contractions

Answer 17

Sodium and potassium p

Question 18

Condition characterized by persistently elevated blood pressure
Associated with increased calcium exertion
Target of PTH release calcium
Target of PTH increase calcium loss
Crystals of calcium and phosphorus found in bone and teeth

Answer 18

Hypertension

High salt intake

Bones

Kidneys

Hydroxyapatite

Question 19

Food processing does not destroy minerals . Minerals can be lost from foods

Answer 19

Both statements are true