Chapter 9

Question 1

Government

Answer 1

a decision-making system

Question 2

traditions

Answer 2

established rules and practices

Question 3

Democracy

Answer 3

• means “rule by the people”

- first practiced by ancient greeks

Question 4

direct democracy

Answer 4

when every eligible citizen participates directly by voting on all decisions that affect society

Question 5

representative democracies

Answer 5

ex. Canada

- allow elected representatives to make decisions on their behalf

Question 6

constitutional monarchy

Answer 6

the recgonition of a monarch as head of state

Question 7

What is the constitution?

Answer 7

a legal document that outlines who should have the power to make various decisions
- everyone (including monarchy) must follow laws

Question 8

3 main parts of the constitution

Answer 8

• description of the powers and authority of of provincial legislatures and Parliment
• a Charter of Rights and Freedoms (outline basic rights and responsibilites of Canadians)
• an amending formula that shows how the Constitution may be changed or altered (7/10 provinces must agree)

Question 9

federal system

Answer 9

an organization of regional governments (provinces) each acting on behalf of its own residents with a central government in Ottawa
- sometimes reffered to federalism

Question 10

residual powers

Answer 10

• leftover powers
• powers that the federal government takes care of that wasnt listed in/didnt exist when the confederation was made
  ex. cable tv, computers, modems, faxes

Question 11

Federal responsibilites

Answer 11

• national defense
• foreign policy
• postal services
• banking system
• marriage & divorce law
• criminal law
• federal prisions

Question 12

federal and provincial responsibilites

Answer 12

• immigration
• agriculture
• health care
• natural resources
• environmental issues

Question 13

provincial responsibilites

Answer 13

• education
• charities
• health services & hospitals
• licences
• highways
• provincial court system
• provincial police & prisions

Question 14

branches of government (canada)

Answer 14

executive power, legislative power, judicial power

Question 15

executive power

Answer 15

• power to make decisions and administer them (through civil service)
  ex. municipal: inspect businesses,
  ex. provincial: # exams a student needs to write
  ex. federal: decide to purchase helicopter for defense

Question 16

legislative power

Answer 16

• power to make laws

- all levels have power to make and amend laws

Question 17

judicial power

Answer 17

• power to interpret and adminster the law
• this branch is seperate from goverment
• power rests w/ courts and judges

Question 18

Legislative branch

Answer 18

House of commons, GG, senate

Question 19

House of Commons

Answer 19

• only part w/ elected members
• elections must occur every 5 yrs
• canada is divided into ridings which elect 1 candidate to represent them
• MP’s (member’s of parliment)
• number of seats is determined by population
• legislative branch

Question 20

speaker of the house

Answer 20

an elected MP

• has a range of duties
• oversees the impartial operation of the Parliament (including PM)

Question 21

the offical opposition

Answer 21

• scrutinize the actions of the government

- helps ensures all Canadian views are heard

Question 22

offical leader of the opposition

Answer 22

the leader of the second largest party

Question 23

caucus

Answer 23

• private meetings by the political parties
• explain propositions, concerns, actions, policies
• MP’s allowed to express their opinion
• however in the House of Commons they are expected to vote with their party

Question 24

free vote

Answer 24

allows members of the legislature to vote accodring to what they believe instead of following their party

• rarely happens
• usally moral issues

Question 25

senate

Answer 25

• appoints its own speaker/ runs own affairs
• GG appoints senate on PM reccomandation
  
  • must be 30+ yrs, live where they represent, own property
• can introduce bills, debate, pass them/send to commons
• # senates depend on population of region
• legislative branch

Question 26

patronage

Answer 26

• reward

- senate position is often a form of patronage for their loyalty/support of PM

Question 27

executive branch

Answer 27

GG, PM, cabinet, public service

Question 28

GG

Answer 28

• monarch’s representative
• gives formal assent (agreement) to a bill before it becomes a law
• performs ceremonial functions
• acts as an adviser to government

Question 29

PM

Answer 29

• leader of the political party w/ most elected representatives
• has jobs to do as head of government, national leader and party leader

Question 30

political party

Answer 30

an organization of individuals who support a set of common goals and beliefs

Question 31

PM jobs - head of government

Answer 31

• asks GG to name new judges & senators
• decides on best time for election
• has the final say in creating the policies of government in party

Question 32

PM jobs - national leader

Answer 32

• address Canadians on issues of concern
• explains his party’s goals
• represents canada on trips/ meetings

Question 33

PM jobs - party leader

Answer 33

• acts as spokesperosn
• rewards loyal supporters
• government ops - businesses
• leads other party members in parliment

Question 34

cabinet

Answer 34

• made up of elected PM’s chosen by PM

- usually each member is responsible for a department

Question 35

party whip

Answer 35

• ensures that members are present in Parliment/support party bills and vote

Question 36

public service

Answer 36

AKA civil service/ bureaucracy

• group of permanent emplyees who perfrom the ongoing businesses of gov.
• jobs have a lrg. range ex. statistics, details for new laws, collect taxes, deliver mail

Question 37

private member’s bill

Answer 37

a bill that was introduced by a member of the house of commons that is not a member of the cabinet

Question 38

14 steps from bill to law

Answer 38

Cabinet Minister has idea for bill
1. Idea explained to cabinet
2. Cabinet approves idea
3. Lawyers draft bill
4. Cabinet committee examines bill
5. Cabinet and caucus approve bill
6. Bill introduced to House of Commons or Senate for first reading
7. Second reading
8. House debates and votes on principle of bill
9. Parliamentary committee examines bill
10. House amends bill
11. Third reading, debate and vote
12. Bill passes house
13. Senate (or HC) examines, debates and amends bill
14. Bill passes senate
GG gives formal assent; bill is now law

Question 39

Where do citizens have say in lawmaking process?

Answer 39

after the second reading

- multi-party standing committee is assigned to study the bill - who often let public have say

Question 40

Federal vs Provincial

Answer 40

GG : Lieutenant-Governor
PM : Premier
Cabinet: Cabinet
House of Commons :Legislative/National Assembly
Senate : NA
Public Service : Public Service

Question 41

name of leader of city council

Answer 41

mayor / reeve / chairperson / overseer/ warden

Question 42

Mayor’s jobs/duties

Answer 42

• head of city council
• acts as spokesperson for whole community
• in charge of day to day ops of departments

Question 43

city council duty

Answer 43

approves budgets of departments

Question 44

city departments duty

Answer 44

enforce by-laws passed by council

Question 45

voters

Answer 45

• elect councillors, one from each ward
• elect mayor
• pay fees to departments (recieve service back)

Question 46

Aboriginal self-government

Answer 46

• use bands councils /elders
• leader is a chief
• deal w/ premier and federal ministers (more than a mayor)
• chief negotiates w/ government issues (licences highway access, education)
• negotiate increaded powers/control governing their own affairs

Question 47

1867

Answer 47

BNA act

Constitution created

Question 48

1982

Answer 48

Constitution amended

Question 49

List for areas for which provincial governments are responsible

Answer 49

Education
Health and social welfare
Environment
Transportation