Chapter 9/10

Question 1

Bradycardia

Answer 1

less than 50 bpm in an adult. Abnormally slow.

Question 2

Tachycardia

Answer 2

more than 100 resting bpm in an adult. Abnormally fast.

Question 3

Diastolic Pressure

Answer 3

Elastic recoil or resting pressure that the blood exerts between each contraction.

Question 4

Hypertension/Hypotension

Answer 4

Hyper = abnormally high BP. Hypotension = abnormally low BP

Question 5

Hyperthermia/Hypothermia

Answer 5

Hyperthermia is temperature above 37.8 C. Hypothermia is temperature below 36.0 C.

Question 6

Pulse

Answer 6

Every beat the heart pumps generates a pressure wave. Assess rate, rhythm and force. Should be between 50 and 95 beats per minute. Pulse rhythm should be regular, and force is measured from 0 to 3+, normal is 2+. Use two-three fingers to palpate the radial pulse for 30 seconds, multiply by 2.

Question 7

Pulse Oximeter

Answer 7

Measurement of patient’s oxygen saturation. A sensor is attached to a fingertip or earlobe. Normal oximetry is between 95 to 100 on room air.

Question 8

Korotkoff Sounds

Answer 8

Korotkoff sounds are generated when a blood pressure cuff changes the flow of blood through the artery.

Question 9

Temperature

Answer 9

should be between 96.4-99.1 Fahrenheit, or 36.1-37.2 Celsius.

Question 10

Respirations

Answer 10

10-20 breaths per minute.

Question 11

Sinus Arrhythmia

Answer 11

Abnormal heart rhythm when someone takes a breath

Question 12

Systolic Blood Pressure

Answer 12

95-120 mmHg.

Question 13

Diastolic Blood Pressure

Answer 13

60-80 mmHg.

Question 14

Sphygmomanometer

Answer 14

Instrument used for measuring blood pressure.

Question 15

Older Adult Vital issues

Answer 15

Higher risk for hypothermia, less likely to get fever. Rhythm of the pulse may be irregular, but easier to palpate. Increased respiratory rate but more shallow. Both systolic and diastolic pressures increase.

Question 16

Child Issues/Risks with vitals

Answer 16

Children younger than 3 have such small arm vessels it can be difficult to hear Korotkoff sounds with a stethoscope. Use an electronic BP device instead. Crying of an infant can increase systolic pressure by 30-50 mmHg. Cuff width must cover 40% of the upper arm, and bladder must be 80% to 100% the circumference of the arm.