Chapter 9, 10 & 11 Flashcards
hormone associated with long-term, low-grade stress
cortisol
Major classes of hormones
peptides, amines, & steroids
blood sugar levels become dangerously high, while cells starved for nutrition
diabetes mellitus
type 1 diabetes is
dependent on shots of insulin
diabetic emergency where lack of insulin leads to metabolism of fats for fuel creating by-product that dangerously changes the pH of blood
ketoacidosis
massage for client with diabetes treated with insulin
time massage so insulin is not at its peak
thyroid becomes palpably and visibly enlarged
goiter
treatment for hyperthyroidism
killing off or removing part of the thyroid
common signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism
weight gain, chronic constipation & edema
thyroid gland operates under the control of
TSH thyroid stimulating hormone
overweight person with apple shape rather than pear shape could indicate
metabolic syndrome
1st best treatment for metabolic syndrome
exercise & lose weight
growth pattern of most common form of thyroid cancer
stays local in thyroid & rarely metastasizes
Why is the pituitary gland called the master gland?
sends out signals to the glands & targeted tissue
hormone associated with short-term high-grade stress, reinforces reactions of sympathetic nervous system
epinephrine
T4 hormone stimulates metabolism of fuel into energy
thyroxine
How kidneys involved in red blood cell production
EPO hormone stimulates RBC production
substance found in kidney stones
calcium
what is true about most kidney stones
silent & pass through ureters without pain
massage for client with history of kidney stones but no current symptoms
safe to receive massage
bladder infection progresses to fever, extreme back pain, nausea, and pain with urination indicate what possible condition
pyelonephritis
pyelonephritis usually starts as
a UTI
Renal failure can lead to significant problems with the regulation of the heartbeat because
kidney dysfunction upsets balance of electrolytes & helps to control myocardial contractions
stopgap measure while person waits for kidney transplant
dialysis
bladder cancer related to what factors
exposure to carcinogenics
What is true about a client with a history of bladder cancer surgery
client will undergo repeated surgeries
causative agent for interstitial cystitis
it’s a mystery
interstitial cystitis
chronic inflammatory condition leading to scar tissue & constriction of the bladder
causative agent of most UTI
E. coli
present when a man develops a UTI
prostate enlargement
inherited disorder involving genetic mutation in the cells that form the tubules or collecting ducts in the kidneys
PKD polycystic kidney disease
massage interest with women’s reproductive disorders
pelvic organs may be displaced as a result of past conditions
human cell equipped with flagella
sperm cells
fetus prematurely detaches from uterine wall but not all the contents are expelled
incomplete miscarriage
D&C
Dilation & curettage
procedure responsible for drastic fall in death rates from cervical cancer seen in the US
Pap smear
infectious agent associated with a risk for cervical cancer
HPV human papilloma virus
most likely to contribute to primary dysmenorrhea
elevated prostaglandin levels
best description of secondary dysmenorrhea
menstrual pain because of other pelvic disorder
best description of endometriosis
cells from inner lining of uterus implant elsewhere in the body
most reliable diagnostic tool for endometriosis
laparoscopic
group with highest incidence of fibroid tumors
African Americans
most reliable trigger for uterine cancer
exposure to excessive estrogen
woman with early menarche, late menopause, & never been pregnant has increased risk of
uterine cancer
most common type of breast cancer
ductal carcinoma
complication when breast cancer patient has axillary lymph nodes removed
lymphedema
rare condition, leading cause of death by cancer in women
ovarian cancer
ovarian cancer usually found when
stage III or IV
blister that forms over the site of egg release before ovulation
follicular cyst
polycystic ovaries are closely linked to what conditions
metabolic syndrome, acne & hirsutism
most dependable sign of benign prostatic hyperplasia
difficulty urinating
2nd most commonly diagnosed cancer in men
prostate cancer
symptom in prostate cancer that’s not in benign prostatic hyperplasia
painful ejaculation
most common form of prostatitis
chronic pelvic pain syndrome
How is prostadynia typically treated
sitz bath, alpha blockers & frequent ejaculation
Early screening protocols for testicular cancer include
no early screening recommended
best description of menopause
ovaries permanently stop secreting enough hormones to initiate menstrual cycle
pathologic condition commonly associated with hormonal fluctuations that occur in women who no longer menstruate on a predictable schedule
osteoporosis
infant of a pregnant woman with untreated gestational diabetes is at high risk for what condition
high birth weight
condition where a woman develops severe symptoms during the luteal phase of menstruation
PMS premenstrual syndrome
best role for massage when a woman has premenstrual syndrome
normal
3 common bacterial sexually transmitted diseases
chlamydia, gonorrhea & syphilis
STD can lead to infections inside joint spaces and a type of septic arthritis
gonorrhea
STI can be treated with a single dose of penicillin
syphilis
