Chapter 8.1

Question 1

Define innate immunity

Answer 1

• it is immune defences always active against an infection

- >lacks the ability to target specific invaders over others

Question 2

Define adaptive immunity

Answer 2

• refers to defenses that target a specific pathogen
• > it is slower to act
• > but once developed, it is able to mount a faster attack on subsequent infections

Question 3

What structure in the body produces all leukocytes(white blood cells)

Answer 3

-the bone marrow produces all leukocytes

Question 4

What are the two functions of the spleen

Answer 4

• blood storage and activation of B cells

- note a site where immune responses can be mounted

Question 5

Which cells does humoral immunity refer to

Answer 5

• it refers to B cells

- >because B cells dissolve and act in the blood

Question 6

Where do T cells mature

Answer 6

-they mature in the thymus

Question 7

Which cells does cell mediated immunity refer to

Answer 7

• it refers to T cells
• > because they directly target virally infected cells
• > and then kill them

Question 8

What is the purpose of lymph nodes

Answer 8

• they provide a place for immune cells to communicate and mount an attack
• > B cells can be activated here as well

Question 9

Name four gut-associated lymphoid tissue(GALT)

Answer 9

• tonsils(head)
• adenoids(head)
• Peyer’s patches(small intestine)
• appendix

Question 10

What two groups are leukocytes divided into

Answer 10

• they are divided into:

- >granulocytes and agranulocytes

Question 11

Where does hematopoiesis start? With what cell?

Answer 11

• it all starts with hematopoietic stem cells
• > this then divides into lymphoid stem cells and myeloid stem cells
• > note lymphoid stem cells divide into T cells and B cells

Question 12

Name three granulocytes

Answer 12

-neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils

Question 13

Name two agranulocytes

Answer 13

-monocytes, and lymphocytes