Chapter 12.4 Flashcards
1
Q
What is the modern synthesis model
A
- when a mutation or recombination results in a change that is favourable to the organism’s reproductive success, that change is more likely to pass on to the next generation
- note populations evolve, not individuals
2
Q
What is inclusive fitness
A
- it is a measure of an organism’s success in supporting offspring
- > and the ability of the offspring to support others
- > eg; altruism
3
Q
What is punctuated equilibirum
A
-changes in species occur in rapid bursts rather than evenly over time
4
Q
What is stabilizing selection
A
- it keeps phenotypes within a specific range
- > selects against the extremes
- > eg; human baby weights
5
Q
What is directional selection
A
- adaptive pressure can lead to the emergence and dominance of an initially extreme phenotype
- > eg; selecting for bacteria that have the recombinant genes through the use of antibiotics
6
Q
What is disruptive selection
A
- two extreme phenotypes are selected over the norm
- > eg; Darwin studied finches on the Galapagos Islands
- > finches either had large or small, no intermediate beaks
7
Q
How does polymorphism related to disruptive selection
A
- polymorphism are naturally occurring differences in form between members of the same population
- > such as dark and light coloration in the same species of butterfly
8
Q
What is adaptive radiation
A
- the rapid rise of a number of different species from a common ancestor
- > benefits of adaptive radiation is that it results various different species to occupy different niches
9
Q
What is a niche
A
- it is a specific environment
- >including habitat, available sources and predators for which a species can be specifically adapted to
