Chapter 8 Vocabulary

Question 1

A system of shared beliefs and values guiding behavior

Answer 1

Organizational culture

Question 2

Clear, well defined, and widely shared among organization members

Answer 2

Strong cultures

Question 3

The process through which new members learn the culture of a team or organization

Answer 3

Socialization

Question 4

What you see and hear when walking around an organization

Answer 4

Observable culture

Question 5

Found in the underlying values of the organization

Answer 5

Core culture

Question 6

Beliefs and values shared by organization members

Answer 6

Core values

Question 7

Actively develops, communicates, and enacts shared values

Answer 7

Value-based management

Question 8

Involves practices that create meaning and shared community among organizational members

Answer 8

Workplace spirituality

Question 9

The process of developing new ideas and putting them into practice

Answer 9

Innovation

Question 10

Result in better ways of doing things

Answer 10

Process innovations

Question 11

Result in new or improved goods or services

Answer 11

Product innovations

Question 12

Result in ways for firms to make money

Answer 12

Business model innovations

Question 13

Reduces the carbon footprint of an organization or its products

Answer 13

Green innovation

Sustainable innovation

Question 14

Business innovation driven by a social conscience

Answer 14

Social innovation

Question 15

Pursue innovative ways to solve pressing social problems

Answer 15

Social entrepreneurs

Question 16

The process of turning new ideas into applications that generate profits

Answer 16

Commercializing innovation

Question 17

Recognizes the potential for valuable innovations to be launched from lower organizational levels and diverse locations, including emerging markets

Answer 17

Reverse innovation

Question 18

Creates products or services that become so widely used that they largely replace prior practices and competitors

Answer 18

Disruptive innovation

Question 19

Are special creative units set free from the normal structure for the purpose of innovation

Answer 19

Skunkworks

Question 20

Tries to change the behavior of another person or social system

Answer 20

Change leader

Question 21

Results in a major and comprehensive redirection of the organization

Answer 21

Transformational change

Question 22

Bends and adjusts existing ways to improve performance

Answer 22

Incremental change

Question 23

The phase during which a situation is prepared for change

Answer 23

Unfreezing

Question 24

The phase where a planned change actually takes place

Answer 24

Changing

Question 25

The phase at which change is stabilized

Answer 25

Refreezing

Question 26

Makes continual adjustments as changes are being implemented

Answer 26

Improvisational change

Question 27

Strategy pursues change through formal authority and/or the use of rewards or punishments

Answer 27

Force-coercion

Question 28

Pursues change through empirical data and rational argument

Answer 28

Rational persuasion strategy

Question 29

Pursues change by participation in assessing change needs, values, and goals

Answer 29

Shared power strategy