Chapter 8: Syntax

Question 1

syntax

Answer 1

a putting together, an arrangement

Question 2

all and only (syntax)

Answer 2

syntax analysis must account for ALL grammatically correct phrases and ONLY those phrases

Question 3

generative grammar

Answer 3

an effective rule with an unlimited number of examples

Question 4

surface structure

Answer 4

sentences with different syntactic forms, but closely related/identical otherwise

charlie broke the window & the window was broken by charlie (active vs passive)

Question 5

deep structure

Answer 5

where basic components are represented abstractly

noun phrase + verb + noun phrase

Question 6

structural ambiguity

Answer 6

sentence with two+ distinct interpretations that have to be represented differently in deep structure

annie bumped into a man with an umbrella (who is carrying the umbrella)

Question 7

what does (→) mean in syntax?

Answer 7

consists of/rewrites as

NP　→　Art (Adj) N

Question 8

what do {} mean in syntax?

Answer 8

only one element may be selected

NP　→　{Art (Adj) N, Pro, PN}