Chapter 3: The Sounds of Language

Question 1

phonetics:

Answer 1

general study of speech sound characteristics

Question 2

voiced

Answer 2

throat vibration

rendaku’d kana

“b” “z” “v”

Question 3

voiceless

Answer 3

air only

regular kana

“p” “s” “f”

Question 4

voiceless biolabial

place of articulation

Answer 4

both lips

[p] “pet”

Question 5

voiced biolabial

place of articulation

Answer 5

both lips

[b] “bet” [m] “met” [w] “wet”

Question 6

voiceless labiodental

place of articulation

Answer 6

upper front teeth and bottom lip

[f] “fat”

Question 7

voiced labiodental

place of articulation

Answer 7

upper front teeth and bottom lip

[v] “vat”

Question 8

voiceless dentals

place of articulation

Answer 8

teeth (interdental if between teeth)

[θ] “thin”

Question 9

voiced dentals

place of articulation

Answer 9

teeth (interdental if between teeth)

[ð] “then”

Question 10

voiced alveolar

place of articulation

Answer 10

tongue tip and alveolar ridge

[d] “dog” [z] “zoo” [n] “nut” [l] “lap” [r] “rap”

Question 10

voiceless alveolar

place of articulation

Answer 10

tongue tip and alveolar ridge

[t] “top” [s] “sit”

Question 11

voiceless palatals

place of articulation

Answer 11

tongue and palate

[ʃ] “ship” [tʃ] “chip”

Question 12

voiced palatals

place of articulation

Answer 12

tongue and palate

[ʒ] “casual” [dʒ] “gem” [j] “yet”

Question 13

voiceless velar

place of articulation

Answer 13

back of tongue and velum (soft palate)

[k] “cat”

Question 14

voiced velar

place of articulation

Answer 14

back of tongue and velum (soft palate)

[g] “gem” [ŋ] “bang”

Question 15

voiceless glottal

place of articulation

Answer 15

glottis (space between vocal folds)

[h] “hot”

Question 16

voiced glottal

place of articulation

Answer 16

trick question. DNE

Question 17

voiceless stops

manner of articulation

Answer 17

block airflow, abruptly let go

[p] “pet” [t] “tip” [k] “cat”

Question 18

voiced stops

manner of articulation

Answer 18

block airflow, abruptly let go

[b][d] “bed” [g] “dog”

Question 19

voiceless fricative

manner of articulation

Answer 19

let airflow narrowly escape

[f][θ] “faith” [h][s] “house” [ʃ] “she”

Question 20

voiced fricative

manner of articulation

Answer 20

let airflow narrowly escape

[v][ð] “vase” [z] “the” [ʒ] “rouge”

Question 21

voiceless affricative

manner of articulation

Answer 21

brief stop + fricative

[tʃ] “cheap”

Question 22

voiced affricative

manner of articulation

Answer 22

[dʒ] “jeep”

Question 23

voiceless nasal

manner of articulation

Answer 23

trick question. DNE

Question 24

voiced nasal

manner of articulation

Answer 24

lower velum, air through nose

[m][ŋ] “morning” [n] “name”

Question 25

voiceless liquid

manner of articulation

Answer 25

trick question. DNE

Question 26

voiced liquid

manner of articulation

Answer 26

raise and curl tongue, air escapes

[l] “load” [r] “road”

Question 27

voiceless glide

manner of articulation

Answer 27

trick question. DNE

Question 28

voiced glide

manner of articulation

Answer 28

move tongue to/from vowel

[w] “we” [j] “yes”

Question 29

dipthong

Answer 29

combination of two vowels

“hi” [ə] -> [ɪ]

Question 30

uvular

Answer 30

[R] french pronunciation of “rouge”, “lettre”