Chapter 8- Rise Of Islam 600-1200 Flashcards
In what region was the Sassanid Empire? Page 197
The Arabian Peninsula
What will they shine is located in Mika? According to the stores connected with it, who built the shrine and what happened near the site? Page 198
Ka’ba and a well called Zamzam, idols, and a precinct surrounding those two things
Who/what was revealed to Muhammad? Page 199/200
The angel Gabriel
Muhammad’s teachings seem to be in an agreement with what religions? Page 201
Christianity and Judaism
What was Muhammad’s flight to Medina called? Page 201
Hijra
What do the supremacy of Median state depend on? Page 201
Common faith in a single god
Who is Muhammad’s successor and what was his title? Page 201
Abu Bakr and called khalifa or caliph
List the five pillars of Islam. Page 201
- Declare that there is only one god and Muhammad is his messenger
- Pray five times a day
- Fasting during lunar month of Ramadan
- Pay alms
- Make pilgrimage to Mecca at least once-in-a-lifetime
What is the Qu’ran? Page 201-2
A collection of Muhammad’s revelations written by his secretaries after his death
Why was the Battle of Camel fought? Page 202
In 656, because two of Muhammad’s companions and his wife A’isha challenged his fourth successor
What happened as a result of Husayn’s death? Page 202
The beginning of the sect of Shi’ism
Who are the Ahl al-Sunna wa’l-Jama’s, or Sunni for short? Page 202
A group of move them to favorite electing any legible Muslim is caliph rather than just Ali’s descendants
List five region/countries conquered by Muslim caliphs. Page 202-3
- Spain
- Syria
- Iraq
- Iran
- Egypt
What caused the unrest that led to the fall of the Umayyad caliphate? Page 203
Non-Arab Muslims who demanded access to political power
Why was the Abassid period called a “golden age”? Page 204
It created a refinement cosmopolitan culture in Baghdad
Why did he Abassid caliphate decline in power? Page 204
The empire became too big to rule effectively
After failing to reform the government and military, the Abassid Caliphate fell under the influence of home? Page 205
Buyid family of N Iran
What cultures blended together in Umayyad Spain? Page 206
Roman, Arab, Berber, and Germanic traditions
Who was Maimonides and what did he do? Page 206
Did you wish philosopher, I was also called Rambam, he
Who were the ulama? Page 207
Arabic for “people with religious knowledge” and is social group of religious scholars
Describe the change and economy, government involvement religious matters, population during the reign of the Seljuk Turks. Page 207
Pop. = Cities shrunk
Who recaptured Jerusalem from European Crusaders and when? Page 208
Saladin in 1187
What did the hadith deal with? And what was the problem with it? Page 209
Thousands of reports collected to understand the sunna and convey precise words or deeds of Muhammad. Some reports were genuine but others were invented (political motivation).
The Shari’a embodied a vision of what? Page 209
An umma in which all people had the same moral value.
Why did converts to Islam face discrimination if they remained in their Christian, Jewish, or Zoroastrian communities? And how could they avert discrimination? Page 210
Religion was main component in social identity and migration to avert it
How did urban growth help the countryside? What were some of the main crops grown? Page 210
It expanded consumer market. Crops are citrus, sugar cane, rice, and fruits
What help facilitate long-distance trade and integrate rural areas into the economy? Page 210
Abundant coinage
Who influenced Muslim science and technology? And what were three major scientific advancements of Ibn al-Haytham? Page 210
- Determined where Milky Way lies in atm.
- Proved light travels from seen object to eye and not reverse
- Explained why sun + moon appear larger on horizon than overhead
Describe four aspects of the life of urban women. Page 210
- They did not travel
- Lived in seclusion and did not leave house w/o covering self
- Public roles barred, home lives influential roles
- Only slave women could dance or play/sing in front of unrelated men
What are Sufis and what was a common doctrine of Sufism? Page 214-5
Mystic group of brotherhood
What was the division in the Islamic communityabout and who are the groups involved? Page 197
It was about who should lead and the two groups involves were the Shiites and the Sunnis
Mamluks
Turkish slaves
Ulama
A group of religious scholars
