Chapter 8 Part 1

Question 1

second law of thermodynamics

Answer 1

when energy is being converted, some energy becomes unavailable to do work. Energy is lost to entropy.

Question 2

exergonic reaction

Answer 2

release free energy. (-)
involves catabolism- complexity decreases, entropy increases.

Question 3

catabolic reactions

Answer 3

type of metabolism. complex molecules are broken down. release free energy. drive anabolic reactions to occur.

Question 4

endergonic reaction

Answer 4

consume free energy (+).
involves anabolism- complexity increases and entropy decreases.

Question 5

anabolic reaction

Answer 5

type of metabolism. complex molecules are made from simpler molecules; energy is required.

Question 6

energy

Answer 6

capacity to do work
-potential energy
-kinetic energy

Question 7

potential energy

Answer 7

capacity to do work, required to change.
-stored in chem bonds and c.g

Question 8

kinetic energy

Answer 8

energy of movement

Question 9

metabolism

Answer 9

sum of all chem reactions occurring in a biological system at a given time.

Question 10

Why does hydrolysis of ATP release so much energy

Answer 10

-phosphate groups have negative charges and repel eachother. they require high energy and strength to get them close enough to bond. stored in the P~O bond.
-Free energy in P~O is higher that the energy of the O-H bond that forms after hydrolysis. (Hydroxyl group).