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Molecular Biology > Chapter 8: Major Shifts in Prokaryotic Transcription > Flashcards

Chapter 8: Major Shifts in Prokaryotic Transcription Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Pero et al

A

purified proteins from infected cells, found polymerase enzymes: A, B, C

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1
Q

appears durng lysogenic cycle to shut down transcription except for C1 gene

dimerizes, binds DNA, & interferes with RNA polymerase transcription of cro, N, and other early genes

cooperative; facilitates RNA polymerase binding and c1 transcription??

A

lambda repressor / C1 (x2)

Repressor binding to OR2/1

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2
Q

Phage infection proess

A

early genes –> early gene transcripts –> early proteins (including gp28) –> middle gene transcripts (requires gp28) –> middle proteins (including gp33 and gp34) –> late gene transcripts –> late proteins

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2
Q

code for head, tail, and lysis proteins

A

late genes

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3
Q

lambda repressor / C1 (x2)

Repressor binding to OR2/1

A

appears duirng lysogenic cycle to shut down transcription except for C1 gene

dimerizes, binds DNA, & interferes with RNA polymerase transcription of cro, N, and other early genes

cooperative; facilitates RNA polymerase binding and c1 transcription??

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3
Q

phage DNA integrated with host (bacterial) DNA

allows lysogeny to persist indefinitely

A

prophage (allows?)

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5
Q

Viruses have (and sometimes have):

A

have nucleic acid enclosed in protein coat; sometimes have membranous envelope

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6
Q

cro & N

A

first genes expressed (in phage lambda) with no lambda repressors bound

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6
Q

B. subtilis and SPO1 phage gp28 protein (new sigma factor)

A

used to study specificity of RNA polymerase

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6
Q

gene product blocks c1 repressor gene & protein (to allow expression of other genes)

A

cro

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6
Q

delayed early gene

antiterminator: prevent RNA polymerase from stopping with gut (aka Q utilization) site and possibly host NusA

A

Q (x2)

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7
Q

Q (x2)

A

delayed early gene

antiterminator: prevent RNA polymerase from stopping with gut (aka Q utilization) site and possibly host NusA

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8
Q

binds RNA polymerase and interacts with N protein (which is bound to the nut site) creating loop and weak overall complex (i.e.?)

triggers antitermination near the nut site, strengthened/quickened by additional proteins

A

Nus proteins (i.e. NusA) (x2)

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9
Q

promoters, control c1 gene

  1. used to maintain lysogeny
  2. used to establish lysogeny by permitting leftward c1 expression prior to cro expression and directing antisense cro mRNA
A

PRM (1) & PRE (2)

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10
Q

sticky ends that can circularize

A

cos

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11
Q

delayed early genes

participate in replication

A

O & P (x2)

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12
Q

used to study specificity of RNA polymerase

A

B. subtilis and SPO1 phage gp28 protein (new sigma factor)

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12
Q

gene product=antiterminator preventing early termination after early genes

A

N

13
Q

prophage (allows?)

A

phage DNA integrated with host (bacterial) DNA

allows lysogeny to persist indefinitely

15
Q

O & P (x2)

A

delayed early genes

participate in replication

16
Q

late genes

A

code for head, tail, and lysis proteins

17
Q

PRM (1) & PRE (2)

A

promoters, control c1 gene

  1. used to maintain lysogeny
  2. used to establish lysogeny by permitting leftward c1 expression prior to cro expression and directing antisense cro mRNA
18
Q

purified proteins from infected cells, found polymerase enzymes: A, B, C

A

Pero et al

20
Q

Nus proteins (i.e. NusA) (x2)

A

binds RNA polymerase and interacts with N protein (which is bound to the nut site) creating loop and weak overall complex (i.e.?)

triggers antitermination near the nut site, strengthened/quickened by additional Nus proteins

21
Q

Varicella zoster virus (aka?)

A

DNA-based in herpes virus family

aka HH3, human herpes virus

22
Q

N binds to this and prevents RNA polymerase from stopping

Other side of N gene?

A

Right of the N gene=leftward promoter (aka nut site or N utilization site)

Left of N gene=stop site

23
Q

cro

A

gene product blocks c1 repressor gene & protein (to allow expression of other genes)

25
Q

DNA-based in herpes virus family

A

Varicella zoster virus (aka HH3, human herpes virus)

26
Q

N

A

gene product=antiterminator preventing early termination after early genes

27
Q

Requirements of maintaining lysogeny (x3)

A
  1. PRM transcription
  2. c1 expression
  3. repressor protein expression binding R/L operators to allow only c1 expression
28
Q

required for lysogeny

gene products allow for transcription of the c1 gene (lambda repressor) and antisense cro production

-directs antisense Q mRNA (to help establish lysogeny)?

A

cII & cIII (x3)

-cII

29
Q

have nucleic acid enclosed in protein coat; sometimes have membranous envelope

A

Viruses have (and sometimes have):

30
Q

can use both lytic and lysogenic cycles

e.g.=phage lambda (infects E. coli)

A

temperature phage (e.g.?)

31
Q

anti-terminators

A

switches controlling transcription

33
Q

temperature phage (e.g.?)

A

can use both lytic and lysogenic cycles

e.g.=phage lambda (infects E. coli)

35
Q

Right of the N gene=leftward promoter (aka nut site or N utilization site)

Left of N gene=stop site

A

N binds to this and prevents RNA polymerase from stopping

Other side of N gene?

36
Q

cII & cIII (x3)

A

required for lysogeny

gene products allow for transcription of the c1 gene (lambda repressor) and antisense cro production

cII directs antisense Q mRNA (to help establish lysogeny)

38
Q

T7

A

small E. coli-infecting phage directing 3 phases of transcription: class I, II, and III

39
Q

early genes –> early gene transcripts –> early proteins (including gp28) –> middle gene transcripts (requires gp28) –> middle proteins (including gp33 and gp34) –> late gene transcripts –> late proteins

A

Phage infection proess

40
Q
  1. PRM transcription
  2. c1 expression
  3. repressor protein expression binding R/L operators to allow only c1 expression
A

Requirements of maintaining lysogeny (x3)

41
Q

small E. coli-infecting phage directing 3 phases of transcription

A

T7

42
Q

first genes expressed (in phage lambda) with no lambda repressors bound

A

cro & N

43
Q

switches controlling transcription

A

anti-terminators

44
Q

cos

A

sticky ends that can circularize

Molecular Biology (13 decks)

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