Chapter 8: health promotion Flashcards
health as defined by CHN’s
a resource for everyday life that is influenced by circumstances, beliefs, and determinants of health
health promotion focuses on____ instead of ____
action, prevention
what is the point of health promotion…
make health status and care more equitable and fair to improve quality of life and well-being
upstream approaches
aim to prevent prevent issues before they occur; addressing and taking action on root causes of diseases/injuries through policy interventions
downstream approaches
react to problems after they have occured
Lalonde report (Health Canada) and the 4 aspects
focused on lifestyle and health promotion; noted the importance of government action
- human biology
- environment
- lifestyle
- health care organization
participACTION
result from lalonde report that encourages healthy living
declaration of Alma-Ata
health is a fundamental human right
- drew attention to inequalities in healthcare
Epp report
defined 3 mechanisms of health promotion
1. self care
2. actions taken to help each other cope
3. healthy environments
primary care
biomedical person-centered approach to care delivery
- point of entry into healthcare system; part of PHC but is specifically managing illness
Ottawa charter
charter for action that presented strategies and approaches for health promotion
5 components of ottawa charter
- build healthy public policy
- create supportive environments
- strengthen community action
- develop personal skills
- prevent disease and promote health
United nations sustainable development goals was called a…
political watershed for health promotion
Tarlov expansion of lalonde report
included
- housing
- education
- social acceptance
- employment
- income
toronto charter on social determinants of health added 2 determinants
aboriginal status and food security
“whole of school programs” (recommendation from toronto charter for physical activity)
advocates for highly active activities for children
transportation policies (recommendation from toronto charter for physical activity)
prioritize physical movement as means of transportation to improve air quality
urban design (recommendation from toronto charter for physical activity)
infrastructure that provides equitable and safe access to recreational physical activities
integration into PHC systems (recommendation from toronto charter for physical activity)
health care workers have the opportunity to screen for potential issues
public education (recommendation from toronto charter for physical activity)
using media to raise awareness and change social norms
community wide programs (recommendation from toronto charter for physical activity)
integrate community engagement and resources
sports systems (recommendation from toronto charter for physical activity)
promote sports for all and encourage participation across the lifespan
population health promotion
process of taking action on interrelated conditions affecting population health to create change
- focus on reducing disparities
population health promotion model (Bhatti and Hamilton model)
used for us to understand the who, what, how, and why of interventions across multiple levels of society
- addresses root causes
the why of the Bhatti and Hamilton model (PHPM)
the foundations; based on values, assumptions, and evidence based decision making
the what of the Bhatti and Hamilton model (PHPM)
the social determinants
the who of the Bhatti and Hamilton model (PHPM)
levels of action; ranging from individual to society
the how of the Bhatti and Hamilton model (PHPM)
action strategies
population health approach
improves root causes of health issues impacting overall population
population health indicators
measure the health of populations
population health interventions
policy and program development to address factors that influence decision making
development of personal skills at a population level is facilitated by …
social marketing interventions
goal of social marketing
encourage health promoting behaviours and to eliminate negative behaviours affecting health
social marketing is most effective for which population
ones that are considering change or have been previously unsuccessful
4 P’s of social marketing
product, price, place, promotion
morbidity
group or population at a higher risk of a particular illness
mortality
negative life outcome
multiple levels of intervention are important because..
it empowers individuals to take a “first step” towards societal change
risk communication
transmission of information about a risks severity and percentage of people it will impact
risk management
activities involved in addressing health or safety risks
risk management within health promotion
identifies subpopulations or target populations that have a unique health concern
purpose of harm reduction strategies
address health inequities and bring meaningful health care to individuals who might be marginalized
purpose of general harm reduction
not to fix but to meet where they are at
