Chapter 8: health promotion

Question 1

health as defined by CHN’s

Answer 1

a resource for everyday life that is influenced by circumstances, beliefs, and determinants of health

Question 2

health promotion focuses on____ instead of ____

Answer 2

action, prevention

Question 3

what is the point of health promotion…

Answer 3

make health status and care more equitable and fair to improve quality of life and well-being

Question 4

upstream approaches

Answer 4

aim to prevent prevent issues before they occur; addressing and taking action on root causes of diseases/injuries through policy interventions

Question 5

downstream approaches

Answer 5

react to problems after they have occured

Question 6

Lalonde report (Health Canada) and the 4 aspects

Answer 6

focused on lifestyle and health promotion; noted the importance of government action
- human biology
- environment
- lifestyle
- health care organization

Question 7

participACTION

Answer 7

result from lalonde report that encourages healthy living

Question 8

declaration of Alma-Ata

Answer 8

health is a fundamental human right
- drew attention to inequalities in healthcare

Question 9

Epp report

Answer 9

defined 3 mechanisms of health promotion
1. self care
2. actions taken to help each other cope
3. healthy environments

Question 10

primary care

Answer 10

biomedical person-centered approach to care delivery
- point of entry into healthcare system; part of PHC but is specifically managing illness

Question 11

Ottawa charter

Answer 11

charter for action that presented strategies and approaches for health promotion

Question 12

5 components of ottawa charter

Answer 12

1. build healthy public policy
2. create supportive environments
3. strengthen community action
4. develop personal skills
5. prevent disease and promote health

Question 13

United nations sustainable development goals was called a…

Answer 13

political watershed for health promotion

Question 14

Tarlov expansion of lalonde report

Answer 14

included
- housing
- education
- social acceptance
- employment
- income

Question 15

toronto charter on social determinants of health added 2 determinants

Answer 15

aboriginal status and food security

Question 16

“whole of school programs” (recommendation from toronto charter for physical activity)

Answer 16

advocates for highly active activities for children

Question 17

transportation policies (recommendation from toronto charter for physical activity)

Answer 17

prioritize physical movement as means of transportation to improve air quality

Question 18

urban design (recommendation from toronto charter for physical activity)

Answer 18

infrastructure that provides equitable and safe access to recreational physical activities

Question 19

integration into PHC systems (recommendation from toronto charter for physical activity)

Answer 19

health care workers have the opportunity to screen for potential issues

Question 20

public education (recommendation from toronto charter for physical activity)

Answer 20

using media to raise awareness and change social norms

Question 21

community wide programs (recommendation from toronto charter for physical activity)

Answer 21

integrate community engagement and resources

Question 22

sports systems (recommendation from toronto charter for physical activity)

Answer 22

promote sports for all and encourage participation across the lifespan

Question 23

population health promotion

Answer 23

process of taking action on interrelated conditions affecting population health to create change
- focus on reducing disparities

Question 24

population health promotion model (Bhatti and Hamilton model)

Answer 24

used for us to understand the who, what, how, and why of interventions across multiple levels of society
- addresses root causes

Question 25

the why of the Bhatti and Hamilton model (PHPM)

Answer 25

the foundations; based on values, assumptions, and evidence based decision making

Question 26

the what of the Bhatti and Hamilton model (PHPM)

Answer 26

the social determinants

Question 27

the who of the Bhatti and Hamilton model (PHPM)

Answer 27

levels of action; ranging from individual to society

Question 28

the how of the Bhatti and Hamilton model (PHPM)

Answer 28

action strategies

Question 29

population health approach

Answer 29

improves root causes of health issues impacting overall population

Question 30

population health indicators

Answer 30

measure the health of populations

Question 31

population health interventions

Answer 31

policy and program development to address factors that influence decision making

Question 32

development of personal skills at a population level is facilitated by …

Answer 32

social marketing interventions

Question 33

goal of social marketing

Answer 33

encourage health promoting behaviours and to eliminate negative behaviours affecting health

Question 34

social marketing is most effective for which population

Answer 34

ones that are considering change or have been previously unsuccessful

Question 35

4 P’s of social marketing

Answer 35

product, price, place, promotion

Question 36

morbidity

Answer 36

group or population at a higher risk of a particular illness

Question 37

mortality

Answer 37

negative life outcome

Question 38

multiple levels of intervention are important because..

Answer 38

it empowers individuals to take a “first step” towards societal change

Question 39

risk communication

Answer 39

transmission of information about a risks severity and percentage of people it will impact

Question 40

risk management

Answer 40

activities involved in addressing health or safety risks

Question 41

risk management within health promotion

Answer 41

identifies subpopulations or target populations that have a unique health concern

Question 42

purpose of harm reduction strategies

Answer 42

address health inequities and bring meaningful health care to individuals who might be marginalized

Question 43

purpose of general harm reduction

Answer 43

not to fix but to meet where they are at