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Science ( Sec 3 ) > Chapter 8 - Food Safety > Flashcards

Chapter 8 - Food Safety Flashcards

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1
Q

a balanced diet can…

A

keep us healthy

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2
Q

what is a balance diet ?

A

it refers to one with the correct types and amounts of foods and drinks that will provide sufficient nutrients and energy to our body

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3
Q

besides eating a balanced diet, we need to ….

A
  1. eat foods in moderation meaning that we do not overeat

2. eat at regular times means we must eat at proper meal times.

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4
Q

what are nutrients?

A

nutrients are substances found in food

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5
Q

why do we need nutrients

A

it is needed by our body and it serves many functions

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6
Q

what are the 3 essentials in a balanced diet

A

nutrients water and dietary fiber

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7
Q

state 5 types of nutrients

A
  1. carbohydrates
  2. proteins
  3. fats
  4. vitamins
  5. mineral salts
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8
Q

what are carbohydrates

A

carbohydrates provide a source of energy for the body

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9
Q

what are some examples of carbohydrates

A

bread , rice , wheat and potatoes

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10
Q

what are proteins

A

proteins are needed for tissue growth and repair

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11
Q

what are some examples of proteins

A

lean meat , milk , fish and eggs

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12
Q

what are fats

A

fats provides a source of energy and act as a solvent to absorb fat soluble vitamins

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13
Q

examples of fats

A

cooking oil , fat meat and butter

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14
Q

what are vitamins

A

vitamins are consumed in small amounts to promote good health.

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15
Q

what does vitamin C do ?

A

vitamin C helps and strengthens the gums and prevents it from bleeding and infections

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16
Q

examples of Vitamin C

A

citrus fruits like grapes , lemons and grapes

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17
Q

what does vitamin D do?

A

vitamin D strengthens and supports the bones like calcium

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18
Q

examples of vitamin D

A

fish , eggs and cod liver oil ( fish oil )

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19
Q

what are mineral salts

A

they are also good for the body, some mineral salts are calcium and iron

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20
Q

what is calcium

A

calcium strengthens and supports the bones. it also prevents the bones from being fractured

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21
Q

examples of calcium

A

dairy products are high in calcium

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22
Q

what is iron

A

iron is needed in blood to carry oxygen around and it is also needed for respiration .

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23
Q

examples of iron

A

green vegetables, red meat , liver and egg yolk

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24
Q

how does water help us in a balanced diet?

A

water is needed to prevent dehydration and constipation

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25
Q

what is constipation

A

constipation refers to a condition whereby a person finds it hard and painful to pass out solid faeces out of the body

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26
Q

what does dietary fiber help us in our balanced diet

A

it helps to maintain a healthy digestive system and prevent constipation

27
Q

examples of dietary fibre

A

vegetables, whole grain cereals and fruits

28
Q

what is a healthy plate

A

healthy plate is guide to healthy eating

29
Q

what are the benefits of having a healthy diet

A

having a healthy diet will provide the sufficient nutrients and energy to our body.

30
Q

Fill half your plate with…..

A

fruits and vegetables

31
Q

why should we put half of our plate with fruits and vegetables ?

A

because fruits and vegetables are rich in dietary fibre , vitamins and minerals. eating more vegetables and fruits can prevents us from any heart diseases, stroke or cancer.

32
Q

fill 1/4 of your plate with

A

brown rice and whole meal bread.

33
Q

why should we put 1/4 of our plate with brown rice and whole meal bread

A

whole grain food contains vitamins and minerals and consuming more of these will prevent the risk of heart diseases and diabetes

34
Q

fill 1/4 of your plate with

A

meat and others

35
Q

The food we eat contains many….

A

Nutrients

36
Q

What are the important information on the nutrition label

A
  • nutritional values
  • serving sizes
  • serving suggestions
  • expiry dates
37
Q

What is the formula to find the daily values

A

Dv ÷ recommended value x 100

38
Q

What are the key nutrients

A
  • Fats
  • Carbohydrates
  • protiens
  • vitamins
  • mineral salts
39
Q

What type of nutrients should we eat more and why?

A

Dietary fibre , vitamins A and C, calcium and iron because A can improve our health

40
Q

Why should we eat less calories

A

Because it can prevent us from obesity

41
Q

What are the 3 disadvantages if we eat too much unhealthy food

A

High blood pressure, diabetes and obesity

42
Q

What causes us to get high blood pressure

A

From eating too that contains a lot of salt, fats and Cholesterol ( fried food )

43
Q

How can we reduce the risks of getting high-blood pressure.

A

Eat a diet that is Low in sodium , cholesterol and fat we should exercise and eat more fruits And green vegetables and drink lots of water

44
Q

What are the causes of getting diabetes

A

A diet high in sugar

45
Q

What is obesity

A

It is when someone eats food that contains a lot of sugar and fats and does very little exercise

46
Q

What is the test that tests for the presence of starch

A

Iodine test

47
Q

What Is the test that tests for proteins

A

Biuret test

48
Q

What is the test that tests for oil

A

Oil blot test

49
Q

What are microbes

A

They are tiny living organisms that can only be seen with a microscope

50
Q

What are some examples of microbes

A

Bacteria and fungI

51
Q

What are some actions of food that are by microbes

A

Milk becoming sour, mould on bread

52
Q

What are some things that are useful and are used by microbes

A

Makes daily products , and helps to make bread

53
Q

What are the factors that can lead to food spoilage

A

Temperature, reducing water content, ph and the oxygen supply

54
Q

What is sterilisation

A

It involves heating food above 100 degrees to kill the microbes. After heating , the food is then packed Into sterilized containers

Example: milk

55
Q

What is pasteurisation

A

It involves heating food between 70 degrees to 80 degrees for 15 seconds

56
Q

Will all microbes be killed and why

A

No because paesturisation is heated at a lower temperature than sterilisation

57
Q

What canning

A

It involves putting the food into containers that are heated under pressure to kill harmful microbes

58
Q

What are some foods that we can use with canning

A

Vegetables , seafood and fruits

59
Q

What is freezing

A

It involves rapidly cooling food to temperatures below 4 degrees

60
Q

How does freezing help with killing microbes

A

Freezing reduces the microbes activity because microbial growth is slower in Low temperatures

61
Q

Will all the microbes be killed

A

No

62
Q

What is another reason why

A

So that food can be kept fresh longer

63
Q

What are the 3 methods that helps to reduce water content

A

Freeze drying dehydration and using chemical preservatives

64
Q

What is dehydration

A

It is the process of removing water content from food by using heat

Science ( Sec 3 ) (12 decks)

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