Chapter 8 - Food Safety

Question 1

a balanced diet can…

Answer 1

keep us healthy

Question 2

what is a balance diet ?

Answer 2

it refers to one with the correct types and amounts of foods and drinks that will provide sufficient nutrients and energy to our body

Question 3

besides eating a balanced diet, we need to ….

Answer 3

1. eat foods in moderation meaning that we do not overeat

2. eat at regular times means we must eat at proper meal times.

Question 4

what are nutrients?

Answer 4

nutrients are substances found in food

Question 5

why do we need nutrients

Answer 5

it is needed by our body and it serves many functions

Question 6

what are the 3 essentials in a balanced diet

Answer 6

nutrients water and dietary fiber

Question 7

state 5 types of nutrients

Answer 7

1. carbohydrates
2. proteins
3. fats
4. vitamins
5. mineral salts

Question 8

what are carbohydrates

Answer 8

carbohydrates provide a source of energy for the body

Question 9

what are some examples of carbohydrates

Answer 9

bread , rice , wheat and potatoes

Question 10

what are proteins

Answer 10

proteins are needed for tissue growth and repair

Question 11

what are some examples of proteins

Answer 11

lean meat , milk , fish and eggs

Question 12

what are fats

Answer 12

fats provides a source of energy and act as a solvent to absorb fat soluble vitamins

Question 13

examples of fats

Answer 13

cooking oil , fat meat and butter

Question 14

what are vitamins

Answer 14

vitamins are consumed in small amounts to promote good health.

Question 15

what does vitamin C do ?

Answer 15

vitamin C helps and strengthens the gums and prevents it from bleeding and infections

Question 16

examples of Vitamin C

Answer 16

citrus fruits like grapes , lemons and grapes

Question 17

what does vitamin D do?

Answer 17

vitamin D strengthens and supports the bones like calcium

Question 18

examples of vitamin D

Answer 18

fish , eggs and cod liver oil ( fish oil )

Question 19

what are mineral salts

Answer 19

they are also good for the body, some mineral salts are calcium and iron

Question 20

what is calcium

Answer 20

calcium strengthens and supports the bones. it also prevents the bones from being fractured

Question 21

examples of calcium

Answer 21

dairy products are high in calcium

Question 22

what is iron

Answer 22

iron is needed in blood to carry oxygen around and it is also needed for respiration .

Question 23

examples of iron

Answer 23

green vegetables, red meat , liver and egg yolk

Question 24

how does water help us in a balanced diet?

Answer 24

water is needed to prevent dehydration and constipation

Question 25

what is constipation

Answer 25

constipation refers to a condition whereby a person finds it hard and painful to pass out solid faeces out of the body

Question 26

what does dietary fiber help us in our balanced diet

Answer 26

it helps to maintain a healthy digestive system and prevent constipation

Question 27

examples of dietary fibre

Answer 27

vegetables, whole grain cereals and fruits

Question 28

what is a healthy plate

Answer 28

healthy plate is guide to healthy eating

Question 29

what are the benefits of having a healthy diet

Answer 29

having a healthy diet will provide the sufficient nutrients and energy to our body.

Question 30

Fill half your plate with.....

Answer 30

fruits and vegetables

Question 31

why should we put half of our plate with fruits and vegetables ?

Answer 31

because fruits and vegetables are rich in dietary fibre , vitamins and minerals. eating more vegetables and fruits can prevents us from any heart diseases, stroke or cancer.

Question 32

fill 1/4 of your plate with

Answer 32

brown rice and whole meal bread.

Question 33

why should we put 1/4 of our plate with brown rice and whole meal bread

Answer 33

whole grain food contains vitamins and minerals and consuming more of these will prevent the risk of heart diseases and diabetes

Question 34

fill 1/4 of your plate with

Answer 34

meat and others

Question 35

The food we eat contains many....

Answer 35

Nutrients

Question 36

What are the important information on the nutrition label

Answer 36

- nutritional values - serving sizes - serving suggestions - expiry dates

Question 37

What is the formula to find the daily values

Answer 37

Dv ÷ recommended value x 100

Question 38

What are the key nutrients

Answer 38

- Fats - Carbohydrates - protiens - vitamins - mineral salts

Question 39

What type of nutrients should we eat more and why?

Answer 39

Dietary fibre , vitamins A and C, calcium and iron because A can improve our health

Question 40

Why should we eat less calories

Answer 40

Because it can prevent us from obesity

Question 41

What are the 3 disadvantages if we eat too much unhealthy food

Answer 41

High blood pressure, diabetes and obesity

Question 42

What causes us to get high blood pressure

Answer 42

From eating too that contains a lot of salt, fats and Cholesterol ( fried food )

Question 43

How can we reduce the risks of getting high-blood pressure.

Answer 43

Eat a diet that is Low in sodium , cholesterol and fat we should exercise and eat more fruits And green vegetables and drink lots of water

Question 44

What are the causes of getting diabetes

Answer 44

A diet high in sugar

Question 45

What is obesity

Answer 45

It is when someone eats food that contains a lot of sugar and fats and does very little exercise

Question 46

What is the test that tests for the presence of starch

Answer 46

Iodine test

Question 47

What Is the test that tests for proteins

Answer 47

Biuret test

Question 48

What is the test that tests for oil

Answer 48

Oil blot test

Question 49

What are microbes

Answer 49

They are tiny living organisms that can only be seen with a microscope

Question 50

What are some examples of microbes

Answer 50

Bacteria and fungI

Question 51

What are some actions of food that are by microbes

Answer 51

Milk becoming sour, mould on bread

Question 52

What are some things that are useful and are used by microbes

Answer 52

Makes daily products , and helps to make bread

Question 53

What are the factors that can lead to food spoilage

Answer 53

Temperature, reducing water content, ph and the oxygen supply

Question 54

What is sterilisation

Answer 54

It involves heating food above 100 degrees to kill the microbes. After heating , the food is then packed Into sterilized containers Example: milk

Question 55

What is pasteurisation

Answer 55

It involves heating food between 70 degrees to 80 degrees for 15 seconds

Question 56

Will all microbes be killed and why

Answer 56

No because paesturisation is heated at a lower temperature than sterilisation

Question 57

What canning

Answer 57

It involves putting the food into containers that are heated under pressure to kill harmful microbes

Question 58

What are some foods that we can use with canning

Answer 58

Vegetables , seafood and fruits

Question 59

What is freezing

Answer 59

It involves rapidly cooling food to temperatures below 4 degrees

Question 60

How does freezing help with killing microbes

Answer 60

Freezing reduces the microbes activity because microbial growth is slower in Low temperatures

Question 61

Will all the microbes be killed

Answer 61

No

Question 62

What is another reason why

Answer 62

So that food can be kept fresh longer

Question 63

What are the 3 methods that helps to reduce water content

Answer 63

Freeze drying dehydration and using chemical preservatives

Question 64

What is dehydration

Answer 64

It is the process of removing water content from food by using heat