Chapter 8 - DNA Structure And Function

Question 1

Chromosome number ___________.

a. refers to a particular chromosome pair in a cell
b. is an identifiable feature of a species
c. is like a set of books
d. all of the above

Answer 1

b. is an identifiable chromosome pair in a cell

Question 2

Sister chromatids connect at the ____________.

Answer 2

centromere

Question 3

The basic unit that structurally organizes a eukaryotic chromosome is the _____________.

a. higher-order coiling
b. double helix
c. base sequence
d. nucleosome

Answer 3

d. nucleosome

Question 4

Which is not a nucleotide base in DNA?

a. adenine
b. guanine
c. uracil
d. thymine
e. cytosine
f. all are in DNA

Answer 4

c. uracil

Question 5

What are the best pairing rules for DNA?

a. A–G, T–C
b. A–C, T–G
c. A–U, C–G
d. A–T, G–C

Answer 5

d. A–T, G–C

Question 6

One species’ DNA differs from others in its ______________.

a. sugars
b. phosphates
c. base sequence
d. all of the above

Answer 6

c. base sequence

Question 7

When DNA replication begins, ____________.

a. the two DNA strands unwind from each other
b. the two DNA strands condense for base transfers.
c. two DNA molecules bond
d. old strands move to find new strands

Answer 7

a. the two DNA strands unwind from each other

Question 8

Show the complementary strand of DNA that forms on this template DNA fragment during replication: 5’—GGTTTCTTCAAGAGA—3’

Answer 8

3’—CCAAAGAAGTTCTCT—5’

Question 9

___________ is an example of reproductive cloning.

a. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)
b. Multiple offspring from the same pregnancy
c. Artificial embryo splitting
d. a and c
e. all of the above

Answer 9

d. a and c

Question 10

The DNA of each species has unique ________ that set it apart from the DNA of all other species.

a. nucleotides
b. chromosomes
c. sequences
d. bases

Answer 10

c. sequences

Question 11

_________ can be used to produce genetically identical organisms (clones).

a. SCNT
b. Embryo splitting
c. Therapeutic cloning
d. all of the above

Answer 11

d. all of the above

Question 12

A karyotope reveals the ___________ of a single cell.

a. base sequence
b. chromosomes
c. hereditary information
d. clones

Answer 12

b. chromosomes

Question 13

SCNT with human cells is called ________________.

Answer 13

therapeutic cloning

Question 14

Match the terms appropriately.

\_\_\_ bacteriophage
\_\_\_ clone 
\_\_\_ nucleotide
\_\_\_ diploid
\_\_\_ DNA ligase 
\_\_\_ DNA polymerase 
\_\_\_ autosome 

a. nitrogen-containing base, sugar, phosphate group(s)
b. copy of organism
c. does not determine sex
d. only DNA and protein
e. fills in gaps, seals breaks in a DNA strand
f. two chromosomes of each type
g. adds nucleotides to a growing DNA strand

Answer 14

Match the terms appropriately.

(d) bacteriophage
(b) clone
(a) nucleotide
(f) diploid
(e) DNA ligase
(g) DNA polymerase
(c) autosome

a. nitrogen-containing base, sugar, phosphate group(s)
b. copy of organism
c. does not determine sex
d. only DNA and protein
e. fills in gaps, seals breaks in a DNA strand
f. two chromosomes of each type
g. adds nucleotides to a growing DNA strand