Chapter 31 - Endocrine Control

Question 1

________ are signaling molecules that travel through the blood to target cells.

a. Hormones
b. Neurotransmitters
c. Local signaling molecules
d. all of the above

Answer 1

a. Hormones

Question 2

Antidiuretic hormone is produced in the hypothalamus but distributed from the ____________.

a. anterior pituitary
b. posterior pituitary
c. kidney
d. pineal gland

Answer 2

b. posterior pituitary

Question 3

Overproduction of __________ causes gigantism.

a. growth hormone
b. cortisol
c. insulin
d. melatonin

Answer 3

a. growth hormone

Question 4

Steroid hormones are synthesized from ___________.

a. amines
b. peptides
c. proteins
d. cholesterol

Answer 4

d. cholesterol

Question 5

__________ lowers blood sugar levels; _________ raises it.

Answer 5

insulin; glucagon

Question 6

The pituitary detects a rising hormone concentration in blood and inhibits of the gland secreting the hormone. This is a _________ feedback loop.

Answer 6

negative

Question 7

The ______ has endocrine and exocrine functions.

a. hypothalamus
b. pancreas
c. pineal gland
d. parathyroid gland

Answer 7

b. pancreas

Question 8

Secretion of _______ stimulates breakdown of bone.

a. glucagon
b. melatonin
c. thyroid hormone
d. parathyroid hormone

Answer 8

d. parathyroid hormone

Question 9

Exposure to light __________ melatonin levels.

a. rises
b. lowers
c. does not affect

Answer 9

a. raises

Question 10

During stressful times, the adrenal glands increase their secretion of ___________.

a. iodine
b. antidiuretic hormone
c. cortisol
d. secretin

Answer 10

c. cortisol

Question 11

The male sex hormone testosterone is secreted in response to a hormone secreted by the ____________.

a. testes
b. ovaries
c. pituitary gland
d. thymus

Answer 11

a. testes

Question 12

The ________ shrinks in size after puberty.

a. pancreas
b. pituitary
c. pineal gland
d. thymus

Answer 12

d. thymus

Question 13

True or false? The steroid hormone ecdysone is made by insects, crabs, and most vertebrates.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

People who have type I diabetes cannot make __________ and must inject it.

Answer 14

insulin

Question 15

Match the term with its most suitable description.

\_\_\_ adrenal gland
\_\_\_ thyroid gland
\_\_\_ parathyroid glands
\_\_\_ pancreatic islets
\_\_\_ pineal gland
\_\_\_ prostaglandin 

a. affected by day length
b. potent local effects
c. raise(s) blood calcium level
d. source of epinephrine
e. secrete(s) insulin, glucagon
f. hormones require iodine

Answer 15

Match the term with its most suitable description.

(d) adrenal gland
(f) thyroid gland
(c) parathyroid glands
(e) pancreatic islets
(a) pineal gland
(b) prostaglandin

a. affected by day length
b. potent local effects
c. raise(s) blood calcium level
d. source of epinephrine
e. secrete(s) insulin, glucagon
f. hormones require iodine