Chapter 12 - Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Question 1

The main evolutionary advantage of sexual over asexual reproduction is that it produces _____________.

a. more offspring per individual
b. more variation among offspring
c. healthier offspring

Answer 1

b. more variation among offspring

Question 2

Meiosis functions in ___________.

a. asexual reproduction of single-called eukaryotes
b. growth and tissue repair in multi-celled species
c. sexual reproduction
d. both a and b

Answer 2

c. sexual reproduction

Question 3

Sexual reproduction in animals requires _______________.

a. meiosis
b. fertilization
c. spore formation
d. a and b

Answer 3

d. a and b

Question 4

Meiosis ___________ the parental chromosome number.

a. doubles
b. halves
c. maintains
d. mixes up

Answer 4

b. halves

Question 5

Crossing over mixes up ____________.

a. chromosomes
b. alleles
c. zygotes
d. gametes

Answer 5

b. alleles

Question 6

Crossing over happens during which phase of meiosis?

Answer 6

Prophase I

Question 7

The stage of meiosis that makes descendant cells haploid is __________.

a. prophase I
b. prophase II
c. anaphase I
d. anaphase II
e. metaphase I
f. metaphase II

Answer 7

c. anaphase I

Question 8

Dogs have a diploid chromosome number of 78. How many chromosomes do their gametes have?

a. 39
b. 78
c. 156
d. 234

Answer 8

a. 39

Question 9

____________ contributes to variation in traits among the offspring of sexual produces.

a. Crossing over
b. Random attachment of chromosomes to spindle pokes
c. Fertilization
d. both a and b
e. all are factors

Answer 9

e. all are factors

Question 10

The cell in the diagram below is in anaphase I, not anaphase II. I know this because ____________.

Answer 10

sister chromatids are still attached

Question 11

Which of the following is one of the very important differences between mitosis and meiosis?

a. Chromosomes align midway between spindle poles only in meiosis.
b. Homologous chromosomes pair up only in meiosis.
c. DNA is replicated only in meiosis.
d. Sister chromatids separate only in meiosis.
e. Interphase occurs only in mitosis.

Answer 11

b. Homologous chromosomes pair up only in meiosis.

Question 12

Match each term with its description.

\_\_\_ interphase
\_\_\_ metaphase I
\_\_\_ allele
\_\_\_ sporophyte 
\_\_\_ gamete

a. different molecular form of a gene
b. Maybe none between meiosis I and meiosis II
c. All chromosomes are aligned at spindle equator
d. haploid
e. does not occur in animals

Answer 12

Match each term with its description.

(b) interphase
(c) metaphase I
(a) allele
(e) sporophyte
(d) gamete

a. different molecular form of a gene
b. Maybe none between meiosis I and meiosis II
c. All chromosomes are aligned at spindle equator
d. haploid
e. does not occur in animals