Chapter 5 - Ground Rules Of Metabolism

Question 1

__________ is life’s primary source of energy.

Answer 1

c. Sunlight

Question 2

If we liken a chemical reaction to an energy hill, then a(n) _________ reaction is an uphill run.

Answer 2

a. endergonic

Question 3

Which of the following statements is not correct?

a. Energy cannot be created or destroyed
b. Energy cannot change from one form to another.
c. Energy tends to disperse spontaneously.

Answer 3

b. Energy cannot change from one form to another.

Question 4

Enzymes ___________________.

a. are proteins, except for a few RNAs
b. lower the activation energy of a reaction
c. are changed by the reactions they catalyze
d. a and b

Answer 4

d. a and b

Question 5

___________ are always changed by participating in a reaction (Choose all that are correct)

a. Enzymes
b. Cofactors
c. Reactants
d. Coenzymes

Answer 5

c. Reactants

Question 6

Name one environmental factor that typically influences enzyme function.

Answer 6

temperature, pH, salt concentration are all correct

Question 7

A metabolic pathway ____________.

a. May build or breakdown molecules
b. generates heat
c. can include an electron transfer chain
d. a and c
e. all of the above

Answer 7

e. all of the above

Question 8

Diffusion is the movement of ions or molecules from a region where they are _________ (more/less) concentrated to another where they are __________ (more/less) concentrated.

Answer 8

more

less

Question 9

Name one molecule that can readily diffuse across a lipid bilayer.

Answer 9

gases, small nonpolar molecules, and water are all correct

Question 10

Transporters that require an energy boost help sodium ions across a cell membrane. This is a case of _______________.

a. passive transport
b. active transport
c. show no net movement
d. move in by endocytosis

Answer 10

b. active transport

Question 11

Immerse a living human cell in a hypotonic solution, and water will tend to _____________.

a. diffuse into the cell
b. diffuse out of the cell
c. show no net movement
d. mode in by endocytosis

Answer 11

a. diffuse into the cell

Question 12

Vesicles form during _________.

a. endocytosis
b. exocytosis
c. phagocytosis
d. halitosis
e. a through c
f. all of the above

Answer 12

e. a through c

Question 13

Match each term with its most suitable description.

\_\_\_\_ reactant
\_\_\_\_ enzyme 
\_\_\_\_ first law of thermodynamics 
\_\_\_\_ product
\_\_\_\_ cofactor
\_\_\_\_ gradient 
\_\_\_\_ passive transport
\_\_\_\_ active transport
\_\_\_\_ phagocytosis

a. assists enzymes
b. forms a reaction’s end
c. enters a reaction
d. unchanged by participating in a reaction
e. energy cannot be created or destroyed
f. basis of diffusion
g. no energy boost required
h. one cell engulfs another
i. requires energy boost

Answer 13

c
d
e
b
a
f
g
i
h