Chapter 8 (Covalent Compounds) Flashcards
What’s a compound?
Can be formed from nonmetal atoms in covalent bonds.
What’s a molecule?
The byproduct of a covalent bond.
What does covalent imply?
Shared electrons.
What’s a suboctet?
A covalent bond where less than 8 electrons are needed to complete the bond.
- Ex: BF3 or BH3
What’s a superoctet?
A covalent bond where more than 8 electrons are needed to complete the bond.
- Ex: PCL5 or SF6
What’s a single bond?
1 Pair of Electrons Shared Between Two Atoms
What’s a double bond?
2 Pair of Electrons Shared Between Two Atoms
What’s a triple bond?
3 Pair of Electrons Shared Between Two Atoms
What’s the structural formula?
The written way of showing covalent bonds, with the exact amount of atoms shown in the molecule.
What’s an unshared or lone pair?
A pair of electrons in the valence shell of an atom that is not covalently bonded in the molecule.
What’s a sigma bond?
Are formed when two atomic orbitals combine to from the molecular orbital that is symmetrical along the axis connecting the nuclei.
What’s a pi bond?
Form when the bonding electrons are likely to be found above and below the bond axis (weaker than sigma)
What’s hybridization?
Orbital Hybridization (or just hybridization) is the idea that atomic orbitals will combine into new arrangements with different shapes and energies to form chemical bonds.
What’s resonance?
The ability for a molecule to have more than Lewis Dot Structure that fully represents the molecule.
What is the bond length?
Bond length is associated with the amount of bond dissociation energy.
