Chapter 6 (Periodic Table)

Question 1

What did J. W. Dobereiner discover about the periodic table?

Answer 1

Published a classification system for elements. Grouped elements in triads by similar propeties.

Question 2

What did Mendeleev do?

Answer 2

Made the original periodic table.

Question 3

What did Meyer do?

Answer 3

Also made the periodic table but right after Mendeleev so he gained no credit.

Question 4

What did Moseley discover about the periodic table?

Answer 4

There is an atomic number for each element. (Better Classification)

Question 5

How did Lavoisier change chemistry?

Answer 5

Change from a science of observation to the science of measurement that it is today.

Question 6

What did Newlands discover about the periodic table?

Answer 6

Law of Octaves

Question 7

What’s a triad?

Answer 7

A group of three elements with similar properties.

Question 8

What’s the periodic law?

Answer 8

When elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their physical and chemical properties.

Question 9

What’s a period?

Answer 9

A row of a periodic table.

Question 10

What’s a group or family?

Answer 10

A column of the periodic table.

Question 11

What’s metal?

Answer 11

Elements that are generally shiny solids at room temperature. They are good conductors of heat & electricity.

Question 12

What’s a nonmetal?

Answer 12

Elements that are non-conductors of heat & electricity.

Question 13

What’s a metalloid?

Answer 13

Elements with properties of both metals and nonmetals.

Question 14

What are the alkali metals?

Answer 14

Group 1A elements.

Question 15

What are alkaline earth metals?

Answer 15

Group 2A elements.

Question 16

What are the halogens?

Answer 16

Group 7A elements.

Question 17

What are the noble gases?

Answer 17

Group 8A elements.

Question 18

What is the boron family?

Answer 18

Group 3A elements.

Question 19

What is the carbon family?

Answer 19

Group 4A elements.

Question 20

What is the nitrogen family?

Answer 20

Group 5A elements.

Question 21

What is the oxygen family?

Answer 21

Group 6A elements.

Question 22

What are the representative elements?

Answer 22

Groups 1A - 7A elements. These elements have their s or p sublevels unfilled.

Question 23

What are transition metals?

Answer 23

Elements that their highest d sublevel is unfilled.

Question 24

What are inner transition metals?

Answer 24

Elements with their highest f sublevel unfilled.

Question 25

What is an octave?

Answer 25

Group of 8 electrons with similar properties.

Question 26

What is the Law of Octaves?

Answer 26

When elements are arranged in increasing order of atomic weights, every eighth element has similar properties to the first.

Question 27

What is the lanthanide series?

Answer 27

Elements 57-70 (f block)

Question 28

What is the actinide series?

Answer 28

Elements 89-102 (f block)

Question 29

What are valence electrons?

Answer 29

The outermost s and p electrons are used for bonding. They can be lost, gained, or shared.

Question 30

What’s periodicity?

Answer 30

Definite, repetitive patterns on a periodic table.

Question 31

What is Atomic Radius?

Answer 31

How big the atom is. 2 atoms next to each other, nucleus to nucleus, then halve it.
- Increases Right to Left
-Increases Top to Bottom

Question 32

What is Ionic Radius?

Answer 32

How big the ion is. Ions w/ a positive charge are normally smaller than ions with a negative charge.
-Increases Right to Left
-Increases Top to Bottom

Question 33

What is electronegativity?

Answer 33

How strong is the attraction of an atom for electrons?
- Increases Left to Right
- Increases Bottom to Top
IGNORE NOBLE GASES

Question 34

What is ionization energy?

Answer 34

The amount of energy needed to remove an electron.
- Increases Left to Right
- Increases Bottom to Top

Question 35

What is effective nuclear charge?

Answer 35

the number of Protons in an element (More Protons More Effective Nuclear Charge)

Question 36

What is shielding?

Answer 36

How many electrons are between the nucleus & electrons in question? (More Electrons More Shielding)