Chapter 8: Aircraft In Motion Flashcards
The ___ axis of rotation runs from one wingtip, through the fuselage, and to the other wingtip and is controlled by the ___
Lateral (pitch), elevator
The ___ axis of rotation runs from the tip of the airplane nose to the tip of the tail and is controlled by the ___
Longitudinal (roll), ailerons
The ___ axis of rotation runs from the bottom through the top of the fuselage and is controlled by the ___
Vertical (yaw), rudder
The flap (increases/decreases) the camber of the wing airfoil for that portion of the wing to which it is attached.
Increases
Flaps are often used for both
Takeoffs and landings
A protrusion from the leading edge of a wing that produces a slot which helps keep the airflow smooth (particularly at high angle of attack)
Slat
The slat adds to the ___ lift of the wing
Induced
What flight control destroys laminar flow and simultaneously reduces a certain amount of induced lift?
Spoilers
Drag devices produce drag without affecting the
Airfoil’s lift
Engine: air is accelerated and compressed by stator and rotor blades, then mixed with fuel and ignited in the combustion section, resulting in high-velocity gas or thrust
Turbojet Engine
Engine: Aircraft propellers turned by a turbine
Turboprop engines
Engine: Crankshaft and pistons working together to convert straight-line motion to rotary motion in order to turn an aircraft propeller
Reciprocating engine
Engine: have to be traveling very fast through the air very fast in order to work
Ramjet/scramjet engine
Engine: combines the air-moving efficiency of the turbofan engine with the thrusting efficiency of the propeller
Propfan system
Engine: produce greater thrust and are more fuel efficient than standard turbojet engines
Turbofan engine
Engine: takes air in, accelerates it, pushes it out the exhaust nozzle to produce thrust that pushes the aircraft forward
Turbine engine
A fuselage type that uses internal braces to help the skin carry the stresses generated in flight
Semimonocoque
Fuselage type that utilizes longerons and struts welded together at various angles to form its basic shape
Truss
A fuselage type whose covering provides the required strength to resist the stresses of flight
Monocoque
A hydraulic system is based on Pascal’s law of pressure applied to a liquid in a closed container
TRUE
The hydraulic system of an aircraft may operate the brakes and control the flaps and propeller pitch, but it is not used in lowering the landing gear
FALSE
A pilot can exert great pressure on control systems or structures by using the mechanical advantage gained in the hydraulic system.
TRUE
A generator is a small electrical device used only to ignite the fuel-air mixture in the engine’s cylinders.
FALSE
(charges the battery, starts the engine, operates the radios, and operates navigation and landing lights)
Most electrical devices and controls on an aircraft receive their energy from the generator and battery system.
TRUE
One of aviation’s first fuel guages involved string, a stick, and
A cork
Early ___ indicators were merely wind gauges
Airspeed
String was also used in the first aircraft by helping pilots determine
Attitude
What are the 3 major categories of instrument classification by USE?
Engine, flight, navigation
What are the 3 major categories of instrument classification by principles of operation?
Mechanical, pressure, electrical
Measures altitude and most often is an android barometer
Altimeter
Heavy roto wheel mounted so it is free to rotate
Gyroscope
A type of compass which makes use of a gyroscope device and is affected by very little turbulence
Heading indicator
(Turbulence part, not supported)
The most basic and important navigational instrument
Magnetic compass
Measures how fast the engine’s crankshaft is turning
Tachometer
Measures the passage of time
Clock
A gyroscopic instrument which provides a horizon to show relationship to pitch and bank
Attitude indicator
(provides artificial horizon)
Measures rate of climb or descent
Vertical velocity indicator
A two-in-one instrument revealing direction, rate, and quality of turn
Turn-and-slip indicator
Informs pilots of their speed through the air by use of the pitot tube
Airspeed indicator
The Wright Brothers were the first to fly a sustained, controlled, powered flight of a heavier than air vehicle.
TRUE
The Wright brothers used a technique called wing warping to reshape the wings of their aircraft.
TRUE
The classifications of fuselages are
Truss, semimonocoque, and monocoque
The conventional landing system has one wheel forward and two wheels in the back.
FALSE
(two wheels forward of the CG and a third, small tail wheel)
The fuel system for an aircraft engine includes everything that involved delivery of fuel to the engine.
TRUE
The word turbine means
Whirl
