Chapter 8 Flashcards
intelligence
the capacity to understand the world, think with rationality, and use resources effectively when faced with challenges
intelligence quotient (IQ)
a score that takes into account a student’s mental and chronological age
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
a test that consists of a series of items that vary according to the age of the person being tested
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-IV (WISC-IV)
a test for children that provides separate measures of verbal and performance (nonverbal) skills, as well as a total score
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV (WAIS-IV)
a test for adults that provides serrate measures of verbal and performance (nonverbal) skills, as well as a total score
Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (KABC-II)
a children’s intelligence test permitting unusual flexibility in it administration
crystallized intelligence
the store of information, skills, and strategies that people have acquired through education and prior experiences and through their previous use of fluid intelligence
triarchic theory of intelligence
the belief that intelligence consists of three aspects of information processing: the componential element, the experimental element, and the contextual element
practical intelligence
according to Sternberg, intelligence that is learned primarily by observing others and modeling their behavior
emotional intelligence
the set of skills that underlies the accurate assessment, evaluation, expressions, and regulation of emotions
developmental quotient
an overall developmental score that relates to performance in four domains: motor skills, language use, adaptive behavior, and personal and social skills
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
a measure that evaluates an infant’s development from 2 to 42 months
cross-modal transference
the ability to identify, using another sense, a stimulus that has previously been experienced only through one sense
achievement test
a test designed to determine a person’s level of knowledge in a given subject area
least restrictive environment
the setting most similar to that of children without special needs
mainstreaming
a educational approach in which exceptional children are integrated as much as possible into the traditional educational system and are provided with a broad range of educational alternatives
full inclusion
the integration of all students, even those with the most severe disabilities, into regular classes and all other aspects of the school and community life
mental retardation (intellectual disability)
a state characterized by significant limitations in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior involving conceptual, social, and practical skills
Down syndrome
a genetically produced disorder that causes mental retardation
mild retardation
retardation with IQ scores in the range of 50 to 55 to 70
moderate retardation
retardation with IQ scores from aroundd 35 to 40 to 50 to 55
profound retardation
retardation with IQ scores below 20 to 25
acceleration
the provision of special programs that allow gifted students to move ahead at their own pace, even if this means skipping to higher grade levels
enrichment
an approach whereby gifted students are kept at grade level but are enrolled in special programs and given individual activities to allow greater depth of study
