Chapter 6 Flashcards
information processing approaches
approaches to cognitive development that seek to identify the ways that individuals take in, use, and store information
automatization
is the degree to which an activity requires attention
sensory store
the initial, momentary storage of information, lasting only an instant
short-term memory
the short-duration, limited-capacity memory component in which selected input from the memory store is worked on
working memory
a set of temporary memory stores that actively manipulate and rehearse information
long-term memory
the memory component in which information is stored on a relatively permanent basis
attention
information processing involving the ability to strategically choose among and sort out different stimuli in the environment
planning
is the ability to allocate attentional resources on the basis of goals that one wishes to achieve
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
is marked by inattention, impulsiveness,a low tolerance for frustration, and generally a great deal of inappropriate activity
infantile amnesia
the lack of memory for experiences that occurred prior to 3 years of age
autobiographical memory
memory of particular events from one’s own life
scripts
general representations in memory of a sequence or series of events
metamemory
an understanding about the processes that underlie memory, which emerges and improves during middle childhood
mnemonics
formal strategies for organizing material in ways that make it more likely to be remembered
encoding specificity phenomenon
people are more likely to recall information in environments that are similar to those which they initially learned
