CHAPTER 8 Flashcards
what is the rate of reaction
how fast reactants turn into products
using a graph, how do you find the rate of reaction at a specific time
draw a tangent to the curve (a straight line)
turns this into a right angled triangle with the tangent as the hypotenuse
calculate the gradient and add the units
how can you find the rate of reaction without a graph
how quickly the reactants are used up or how quickly products are made
the steeper the gradient of a tangent
the quicker the reaction
how to calculate the mean rate of reaction
quantity of reactant used / time
quantity of product formed / time
what are the four factors that effect the rate of reaction
concentration, pressure, surface area, temperature, and use of a catalyst
what is collision theory
the idea that particles don’t just have to bump each other, they have to do so hard enough to react
what is activation energy
the minimum amount of energy particles need before they react
why does a smaller surface area speed up a reaction
more area is exposed to the liquid and are able to react
a smaller surface area = larger
surface area to volume ratio
what are the two reasons why temperature increases rate of reaction
particles collide more often they collide with more energy
why does heating a substance mean the particles collide more often
the particles absorb the heat energy and convert it to kinetic
why does something fizz when it reacts
release of carbon dioxide
how to test for carbon dioxide
turns limewater
at room temperature if you increase it by 10 degrees what happened to the rate of reaction
it doubles
why are reactions more common with a higher temperature
more particles have a temperature higher than the activation energy
why does increasing the concentration increase the rate of reaction
there are more of the particles so collisions are more likely
how to test for hydrogen
squeaky pop on a glowing splint
how does increasing the pressure increase the rate of reaction
the same number of particles in a smaller space so reactions are more common
what is a catalyst
speeds up a reaction without being effected itself