Chapter 8 Flashcards
Define answer file
A text file (.bat) that contains information that Windows requires in order to do an unattended installation.
define batch file
A text file containing a series of OS commands. Autoexec.bat is a batch file.
define BIOS
Firmware that can control much of a computer’s input/output functions, such as communication with the keyboard and the monitor. Compare with UEFI.
what does OEM stand for
Original equipment manufacturer
define boot loader menu
A startup menu that gives the user the choice of which operating system to load, such as Windows 8 or Windows 7, when both are installed on the same system, creating a dual boot.
define certificate of authenticity
A sticker that contains the Windows product key.
define clean install
Used to install Windows on a new hard drive or to overwrite the existing operating system and applications when installing Windows on a hard drive that already has Windows installed.
define compatibility mode
A group of settings that can be applied to older drivers or applications that might cause them to work using a newer version of Windows than the one the programs were designed to use.
define custom installation
In the Windows setup program, the option used to overwrite the existing operating system and applications, producing a clean installation of the OS. The main advantage is that problems with the old OS are not carried forward.
define deployment strategy
A procedure to install Windows, device drivers, and applications on a computer, and can include the process to transfer user settings, application settings, and user data files from an old installation to the new installation.
define device driver
A small program stored on the hard drive and installed in Windows that tells Windows how to communicate with a specific hardware device such as a printer, network, port on the motherboard, or scanner.
define device manager
The primary Windows tool (devmgmt.msc) for managing hardware.
define disc image
A file format that has an .iso file extension and holds an image of all the data, including the file system that is stored on
an optical disc. ISO stands for International Organization for Standardization. Also called disc image or ISO file.
define diskpart
A Windows command to manage hard drives, partitions, and volumes.
define distribution server
A file server holding Windows setup files used to install Windows on computers networked to the serve
define distribution share
The collective files in the installation that include Windows, device drivers, and applications. The package of files is served up by a distribution server.
define dual boot
The ability to boot using either of two different OSs, such as Windows 8 and Windows 7. Also called multiboot.
define file system
The overall structure that an OS uses to name, store, and organize files on a disk. Examples of file systems are NTFS and FAT32. Windows is always installed on a volume that uses the NTFS file system.
define GUID partition table
One of two methods used
to organize partitions on a hard drive. A GPT partitioning system installed on a hard drive can support 128 partitions and is recommended for drives larger than 2 TB.
define high touch using a standard image
A strategy to install Windows that uses a standard image for the installation. A technician must perform the installation on the local computer.
define high touch with retail media
A strategy to install Windows where all the work is done by a technician sitting at the computer using Windows setup files. The technician also installs drivers and applications after the Windows installation is finished.
define hot swappable
The ability to plug or unplugdevices without first powering down the system. USB devices are hot-swappable.
define hypervisor
Software that creates and manages virtual machines on a server or on a local computer.
define image deployment
Installing a standard image on a computer.
define in place upgrade
A Windows installation that
is launched from the Windows desktop. The installation carries forward user settings and installed applications from the old OS to the new one. A Windows OS is already in place before the installation begins.
define ISO file
A file format that has an .iso file extension and holds an image of all the data, including the file system that is stored on
an optical disc. ISO stands for International Organization for Standardization. Also called disc image or ISO file.
define ISO image
A file format that has an .iso file extension and holds an image of all the data, including the file system that is stored on
an optical disc. ISO stands for International Organization for Standardization. Also called disc image or ISO file.
define lite-touch, high volume deployment
A strategy that uses a deployment server on the network to serve up a Windows installation after a technician starts the process at the local computer.
define loadstate
A command used by the User State Migration Tool (USMT) to copy user settings and data temporarily stored at a safe location to a new computer.
define master boot record (MBR)
One of two methods used to organize the partition tables on a hard drive. On an MBR hard drive, the first sector
on the drive is called the MBR and contains the partition table and a program BIOS uses to boot an OS from the drive
define microsoft assessment and planning (MAP) toolkit
Software that can be used by a system adminis- trator from a network location to query hundreds of computers in a single scan to determine if a computer qualifies for a Windows upgrade.
what does MAP stand for
microsoft assessment and planning
define multiboot
same as dual boot
define Original equipment manufacturer (OEM) license
A software license that only manufac- turers or builders of personal computers can purchase to be installed only on a computer intended for sale.
define preboot execution environment or pre-execution environment (PXE)
Programming contained in the UEFI/ BIOS code on the motherboard used to start
up the computer and search for a server on the network to provide a bootable operating system.
define product activation
The process that Microsoft uses to prevent software piracy. For example, once Windows 8 is activated for a particular computer, it cannot be legally installed on another computer
what does UEFI CSM stand for
Compatibility support module
what does USMT stand for
user state migration tool
define programs and features
A window within Control Panel that lists the programs installed on a computer, where you can uninstall, change, or repair programs.
define pull automation
A Windows installation that requires the local user to start the process.
define push automation
An installation where a server automatically pushes the installation to a computer when a user is not likely to be sitting at the computer.
define recovery partition
A partition on a hard drive that
contains a recovery utility and installation files.
define remote network installation
An automated instal- lation where no user intervention is required.
define repair installation
A reinstallation of Windows using the recovery utility and installation files stored on the recovery partition.
define scanstate
A command used by the User State Migration Tool (USMT) to copy user settings and data from an old computer to a safe location such as a server or removable media. Also see loadstate.
define secure boot
A UEFI feature that prevents a system from booting up with drivers or an OS that are not digitally signed and trusted by the motherboard or computer manufacturer.
define service pack
A collection of several patches or updates that is installed as a single update to an OS or application.
define setup UEFI/BIOS
Used to change motherboard settings. For example, you can use it to enable or disable a device on the motherboard, change the date and time that is later passed to the OS, and select the order of boot devices for startup UEFI/ BIOS to search when looking for an operating system to load.
define solid state drive
A hard drive that has no moving parts
define standard image
An image that includes Windows, drivers, and applications that are standard to all the computers that might use the image.
define startup UEFI/BIOS
Part of UEFI or BIOS firmware on the motherboard that is responsible for controlling the computer when it is first turned on. Startup UEFI/BIOS gives control over to the OS once the OS is loaded.
define system UEFI/BIOS
UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) or BIOS (basic input/output system) firmware on the motherboard that is used to control essential devices before the OS is loaded.
define third party driver
Drivers that are not included in UEFI/BIOS or Windows and must come from the manufacturer.
define UEFI CSM (Compatibility support module) mode
Legacy BIOS in UEFI firmware.
define unattended installation
A Windows installation that is done by storing the answers to installation questions in a text file or script that Windows calls an answer file so that the answers do not have to be typed in during the installation.
define unified extensible firmware interface (UEFI)
An interface between firmware on the motherboard and the operating system that improves on legacy BIOS processes for booting, handing over the boot to the OS, and loading device drivers and applications before the OS loads. UEFI also manages motherboard settings and secures the boot to ensure that no rogue operating system hijacks the system.
define virtual XP mode
The term used by CompTIA for Windows XP mode.
define upgrade advisor
This troubleshooter assists customers whose machines are not yet updated to the latest release
define upgrade assistant
help keep all Windows 10 systems secure and to provide the latest features and improvements
define upgrade path
A qualifying OS required by Microsoft in order to perform an in-place upgrade.
define user state migration tool (USMT)
A Windows utility that helps you migrate user files and preferences from one computer to another to help a user make a smooth transition from one computer to another.
define usmtutils
A command used by the User State Migration Tool (USMT) that provides encryption options and hard-link management.
define virtual machine (VM)
Software that simulates the hardware of a physical computer, creating one or more logical machines within one physical machine.
define windows assessment and deployment kit (ADK)
The Windows ADK for Windows
8 contains a group of tools used to deploy Windows 8 in a large organization and contains the User State Migration Tool (USMT).
what does ADK stand for?
windows assessment and deployment kit
define windows defender
Anti-malware software embedded in Windows 8 that can detect, prevent, and clean up a system infected with viruses and other malware. Antispyware utility included in Windows 8/7/Vista.
define windows.old folder
When using an unformatted hard drive for a clean installation, this folder is created to store the previous operating system settings and user profiles.
define windows defender
Anti-malware software embedded in Windows 8 that can detect, prevent, and clean up a system infected with viruses and other malware.
