Chapter 3 Flashcards
What parts are contained within the motherboard
It contains the processor socket and accompanying chipset, firmware holding the UEFI/BIOS, memory slots, expansion slots, jumpers, ports, and power supply connections.
What are the most popular motherboard form factors
ATX,
MICROATX
MINIITX
If a motherboard is from intel, what type of sockets do they have for their processor?
If a motherboard is from intel it will have one or more intel sockets for an intel processor
If a motherboard is from amd, what type of sockets do they have for their processor?
If a motherboard is from AMD it will have one or more AMD sockets for an intel processor
How would you determine what kind of processor and memory the motherboard can support
Taking a look at the chipset embedded on the motherboard
What are some PAST major advancements in Intel chipsets
Major advancements in past Intel chipsets included the Accelerated Hub Architecture (using the North Bridge and South Bridge), Nehalem chipsets (using the memory controller on the processor), and Sandy Bridge chipsets (using the memory and graphics controller on the processor).
What does the Accelerated Hub Architecture (intel) use
It uses the North Bridge and South Bridge
What does the Nehalem chipset (intel) use
It uses the memory controller on the processor
What does the Sandy Bridge chipset (intel) use
It uses the memory and graphics controller on the processor
What are some newer chipset advancements
All later chipsets use the memory and graphics controller in the processor package.
What are some examples of busses used on the motherboards
Buses used on motherboards include conventional PCI, PCI-X, and PCI Express. PCI Express is replacing all the other bus types.
What are components that are built into the motherboard called
Components that are built into the motherboard are called onboard components
How would you attach a component that isn’t built into the motherboard
You would attach it in another way such as on an expansion card
What is the name of the firmware that controls a motherboard and the boot sequence
older version: BIOS
newer version: UEFI
Is UEFI firmware backwards compatible with BIOS devices
Most of it is
What are some examples of motherboard settings that can be configured using UEFI/BIOS setup
changing the boot priority order, enabling or disabling onboard devices, support for virtualization, and security settings (for exam- ple, power-on passwords and intrusion detection).
What information can be viewed through the BIOS/UEFI
You can also view information about the installed processor, memory, and storage devices and temperatures, fan speeds, and voltages.
When do motherboard drivers typically need updating
When a problem with a board component needs to be fixed or to use a new feature provided by the motherboard manufacturer
How would you flash BIOS
Use a utility program from windows, a usb drive or a bootable cd
How would you update UEFI
To update UEFI, you can boot from a USB flash drive that holds the updates, or Windows can receive an update during the normal Windows update process and then pass it on to the UEFI firmware, which applies the update.
What can jumpers on the motherboard be used for
Jumpers on the motherboard may be used to clear UEFI/BIOS settings, restoring them to factory default. The CMOS battery that powers CMOS RAM might need replacing.
What specs are very important to pay attention to when selecting a motherboard
When selecting a motherboard, pay attention to the form factor, chipset, expansion slots, and memory slots used and the processors supported. Also notice the internal and external connectors and ports the board provides.
What is the normal procedure for installing a motherboard
When installing a motherboard, first study the motherboard and its manual, and set jumpers on the board. Sometimes the processor and cooler are best installed before installing the motherboard in the case. When the cooling assembly is heavy and bulky, it is best to install it after the motherboard is securely seated in the case.
What is generally recommended if your laptop system board fails
For laptops, it’s usually more cost effective to replace the laptop than to replace a failed system board.
What is an accelerated processing unit
An APU is a processor that includes both the CPU and GPU on a single chip.
What is a ball grid array
A ball grid array is a type of surface-mount packaging used for integrated circuits. BGA packages are used to permanently mount devices such as microprocessors.
What is bit locker encryption
BitLocker is a full disk encryption feature included with Microsoft Windows versions starting with Windows Vista. It is designed to protect data by providing encryption for entire volumes.
What is a bus
a bus is a communication system that transfers data between components inside a computer, or between computers.
What is a chipset
A chipset is a group of integrated circuits that work together
What is a CMOS
It is a technology used to produce integrated circuits.
What is a CMOS battery
Used to power the CMOS RAM when the computer is powered off
What is CMOS ram
CMOS ram is a memory chip that houses setting configurations and is powered by the onboard battery.
What is a compatibility support module
The Compatibility Support Module is a component of the UEFI firmware that provides legacy BIOS compatibility by emulating a BIOS environment, allowing legacy operating systems and some option ROMs that do not support UEFI to still be used.
What is a data bus
A data bus is a system within a computer or device, consisting of a connector or set of wires, that provides transportation for data.
What is a device driver
A driver, or device driver, is a software program that enables a specific hardware device to work with a computer’s operating system.
What does FCPGA stand for
Flip chip pin grid array
What does FSB stand for
front side bus
What does GHz stand for
gigahertz
What does GPT stand for
GU/ID partition table
What does LGA stand for
Land grid array
What is flashing bios
Flashing the BIOS is akin to updating software on your operating system but is a different process because the BIOS software is stored, not the hard drive, but rather on a chip on the motherboard.
What is flip chip land grid array
FC-PGA is a microchip design developed by Intel for its faster microprocessors in which the hottest part of the chip is located on the side that is away from the motherboard.
What does PCIe stand for
PCI express
What is flip chip pin grid array
A flip-chip pin grid array is a form of pin grid array in which the die faces downwards on the top of the substrate with the back of the die exposed. This allows the die to have a more direct contact with the heatsink or other cooling mechanism.
What does PK stand for
Platform Key
What is a front side bus
A front-side bus (FSB) was a computer communication interface (bus) often used in Intel-chip-based computers during the 1990s and 2000s.
What is a dbx
Revoked signature database
What is gigahertz
It is commonly used to measure computer processing speeds. … While gigahertz is most commonly used to measure processor speed, it can also measure the speed of other parts of the computer, such as the RAM and backside cache
What does SFF stand for
small form factor
What is a GU/ID partition table
GUID Partition Table is a standard for the layout of the partition table on a physical storage device used in a desktop or server PC, such as a hard disk drive or solid-state drive, using globally unique identifiers
What does TPM stand for
trusted platform module chip
What is hertz
Hertz is the standard unit of measurement used for measuring frequency.
What does Hz stand for
Hertz
What is I/O shield
It is a RFI/EMI cover plate
What is ISO image
ISO image is a term commonly associated with CD and DVD burning. An ISO image (or .ISO file) is a computer file that is an exact copy of an existing file system.
What is ITX
ITX is a small motherboard form factor from VIA Technologies
What is Jumper
A jumper is a small metal connector that acts as an on/off switch.
What is a land grid array
The land grid array is a packaging technology with a rectangular grid of contacts on the underside of a package.
what is a system bus
A system bus is a single computer bus that connects the major components of a computer system, combining the functions of a data bus to carry information, an address bus to determine where it should be sent, and a control bus to determine its operation.
what is a system clock
In a computer, clock speed refers to the number of pulses per second generated by an oscillator that sets the tempo for the processor.
What is a Master Boot Record
The master boot record is a category of boot sector and the very first sector found in computer mass storage media such as fixed disks and removable computer drives.
What is a virtualization
Virtualization describes a technology in which an application, guest operating system or data storage is abstracted away from the true underlying hardware or software
What is megahertz
Megahertz is used to measure wave frequencies, as well as the speed of microprocessors.
What is a zero insertion force socket
ZIF is a type of CPU socket on a computer motherboard that allows for the simple replacement or upgrade of the processor.
What is a Mini itx
Mini-ITX is a motherboard, developed by VIA Technologies. They are commonly used in small-configured computer systems.
what is a PCI
PCI is a local computer bus for attaching hardware devices in a computer.
What is a PCI express
Peripheral Component Interconnect Express is a serial expansion bus standard for connecting a computer to one or more peripheral devices.
What is north bridge
Northbridge is an Intel chipset that communicates with the computer processor and controls interaction with memory, the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, Level 2 cache, and all Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) activities.
What is onboard port
It simply means that the Ethernet network ports are integrated into the motherboard of your server or PC, as opposed to being able to buy and install a separate pci network card with Ethernet ports in it.
what is overclocking
Overclocking is resetting some computer component so that it runs faster than the manufacturer-specified speed. The purpose of overclocking is to boost performance.
What is PCIX
PCI-X is a computer architecture standard used for 32-bit PCI bus expansion slots. These slots are used to enhance the existing capabilities of a computer motherboard.
What is a pin grid array
PGA is a type of integrated circuit packaging.
What is a protocol
Protocol, in computer science, a set of rules or procedures for transmitting data between electronic devices, such as computers
What is QuickPath Interconnect
The Intel QuickPath Interconnect (QPI) is a point-to-point processor interconnect developed by Intel
what is unified extensible firmware interface
Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) is a specification for a software program that connects a computer’s firmware to its operating system (OS)
what is a virtual machine
A virtual machine (VM) is an operating system (OS) or application environment that is installed on software, which imitates dedicated hardware.
