chapter 8

Question 1

How many adults in the United States are classified as obese?

Answer 1

more than 70 million

Question 2

Bob calculated his body mass index (BMI) to be 27. This classifies him as

Answer 2

overweight

Question 3

A female’s basal metabolic rate (BMR) is highest during

Answer 3

puberty

Question 4

4) The most accurate and complete way to determine ideal body weight is to

Answer 4

measure body composition

Question 5

Jim, who is 34 years old, has body fat percentage of 24%. This is categorizes him asq

Answer 5

overweight

Question 6

Stuart is 19 years old, is a champion swimmer, and has a body fat percentage of 6 percent. This classifies him as

Answer 6

underweight

Question 7

There are two categories of stored body fat: essential and

Answer 7

storage

Question 8

A woman whose body weight is more than 10 percent below healthy recommended levels is

Answer 8

underweight

Question 9

The type of fat that is necessary for maintaining basic life and reproductive functions is

Answer 9

essential fat

Question 10

) Research has found that there are health risks associated with how fat is distributed in the body. In which area of the body is fat the biggest risk to health?

Answer 10

adbdomen

Question 11

11) The system of measuring body composition by using a caliper to measure an underlying layer of fat is known as

Answer 11

the skinfold method

Question 12

Carla had her body fat measured using a method that sent a low level of electrical current through her body, which is known as

Answer 12

BIA (biometrical impedance analysis)

Question 13

13) Which of the following best describes research findings on the genetics of obesity?

Answer 13

D) Twin studies support genetic influence, but the environment plays a substantial role.

Question 14

A person with the “thrifty gene” has

Answer 14

a slower metabolism

Question 15

15) What role does leptin play in weight management?

Answer 15

C) It signals satiety.

Question 16

16) Which hormone plays a significant role in appetite stimulation?

Answer 16

C) Ghrelin

Question 17

17) How does leptin act in the body?

Answer 17

It signals the brain that the stomach is full.

Question 18

8) A person whose body weight is 100% or more above ideal weight is

Answer 18

morbidly obese

Question 19

The part of the brain that regulates appetite is the

Answer 19

hypothalamus

Question 20

Steve is thin and seems to be able to eat as much as he wants while not gaining weight. Which concept is a possible explanation for his ability to stay thin?

Answer 20

adaptive thermogenesis

Question 21

When fat cells swell and become larger as weight is gained, what process is occurring with these cells?

Answer 21

hypertrophy

Question 22

Troy’s weight has always been around 180 pounds. When he gains a few pounds, he usually drops the extra weight relatively quickly but rarely drops below 180. Troy’s ability to maintain a “standard” weight exemplifies which theory?

Answer 22

set point

Question 23

For some obese adults, gastric bypass surgery has been shown to be effective in treating

Answer 23

type 2 diabetes

Question 24

) Metabolic rates begin to slow at which life stage?

Answer 24

after age 30

Question 25

Rachel has gone on and off starvation diets for years. This will hinder long-term weight loss because this type of eating pattern

Answer 25

slows down the basal metabolic rate

Question 26

An increase in waist circumference increases the risk for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and

Answer 26

stroke

Question 27

Which of the following improves the success rate of maintaining weight loss?

Answer 27

regular exercise

Question 28

Judith is taking an over-the-counter weight loss pill that works by decreasing the amount of fat her body can absorb. She is most likely taking

Answer 28

alli

Question 29

One pound of additional body fat is created by consuming how many extra calories?

Answer 29

3500

Question 30

Linda always eats when she watches television. Watching television is an example of a

Answer 30

eating trigger

Question 31

Abdul is looking for a reputable weight-loss program. Which of the following would be the best choice?

Answer 31

a program that allows for individual choices in real-world situations

Question 32

2) When fasting or eating a very-low-calorie diet for prolonged periods, the body will find fuel from its energy stores. One of the last reserves the body will use is from

Answer 32

protein in muscles and organs

Question 33

When the body is in starvation mode or has been subject to a very-low-calorie diet, it will metabolize body fat to produce an alternate fuel for brain cells; this process is known as

Answer 33

ketogenesis

Question 34

The feeling of fullness at the end of a meal is called

Answer 34

satiety

Question 35

Diets with a daily caloric value of 400 to 700 calories are termed

Answer 35

very-low-calorie diets

Question 36

Which of the following surgical procedures decreases the absorption of food into the body?

Answer 36

gastric bypass

Question 37

) Most weight loss supplements contain caffeine and/or

Answer 37

diuretics

Question 38

The surgical procedure that removes fat cells from specific parts of the body is known as

Answer 38

liposuction

Question 39

A condition characterized by an excessive number of fat cells is

Answer 39

hyperplasia

Question 40

Automobiles, Internet use, and sedentary jobs are which type of factors that contribute to weight gain?

Answer 40

environmental

Question 41

Obesity is a risk factor for

Answer 41

heart disease, cancer, stroke, and diabetes

Question 42

problems with the BMI measurement include that it

Answer 42

is an indirect estimate of body fat

Question 43

Which environmental factor encourages us to increase our food consumption?

Answer 43

easy access to high calorie foods in stores and restaurants

Question 44

The amount of energy the body uses at complete rest is known as the

Answer 44

basal metabolic rate

Question 45

The concept of adaptive thermogenesis attempts to explain

Answer 45

how thin people can consume large amounts of calories without gaining weight

Question 46

) A person's exercise metabolic rate will increase if he or she

Answer 46

increases the activity level from light to moderate

Question 47

A measurement based on the relationship between a person's height and weight that is highly correlated to the amount of body fat is the

Answer 47

body mass index

Question 48

The measure of energy expended while a person is engaged in sedentary activities, such as sitting on a sofa or digesting food is the

Answer 48

resting metabolic rate

Question 49

Which theory holds that some people have a genetic disposition toward fat storage and retaining weight?

Answer 49

thrifty gene theory

Question 50

Which type of weight loss surgery involves a procedure that restricts stomach size to limit food intake?

Answer 50

gastric banding.