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APPH 1040 > chapter 8 > Flashcards

chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

How many adults in the United States are classified as obese?

A

more than 70 million

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2
Q

Bob calculated his body mass index (BMI) to be 27. This classifies him as

A

overweight

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3
Q

A female’s basal metabolic rate (BMR) is highest during

A

puberty

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4
Q

4) The most accurate and complete way to determine ideal body weight is to

A

measure body composition

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5
Q

Jim, who is 34 years old, has body fat percentage of 24%. This is categorizes him asq

A

overweight

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6
Q

Stuart is 19 years old, is a champion swimmer, and has a body fat percentage of 6 percent. This classifies him as

A

underweight

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7
Q

There are two categories of stored body fat: essential and

A

storage

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8
Q

A woman whose body weight is more than 10 percent below healthy recommended levels is

A

underweight

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9
Q

The type of fat that is necessary for maintaining basic life and reproductive functions is

A

essential fat

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10
Q

) Research has found that there are health risks associated with how fat is distributed in the body. In which area of the body is fat the biggest risk to health?

A

adbdomen

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11
Q

11) The system of measuring body composition by using a caliper to measure an underlying layer of fat is known as

A

the skinfold method

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12
Q

Carla had her body fat measured using a method that sent a low level of electrical current through her body, which is known as

A

BIA (biometrical impedance analysis)

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13
Q

13) Which of the following best describes research findings on the genetics of obesity?

A

D) Twin studies support genetic influence, but the environment plays a substantial role.

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14
Q

A person with the “thrifty gene” has

A

a slower metabolism

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15
Q

15) What role does leptin play in weight management?

A

C) It signals satiety.

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16
Q

16) Which hormone plays a significant role in appetite stimulation?

A

C) Ghrelin

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17
Q

17) How does leptin act in the body?

A

It signals the brain that the stomach is full.

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18
Q

8) A person whose body weight is 100% or more above ideal weight is

A

morbidly obese

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19
Q

The part of the brain that regulates appetite is the

A

hypothalamus

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20
Q

Steve is thin and seems to be able to eat as much as he wants while not gaining weight. Which concept is a possible explanation for his ability to stay thin?

A

adaptive thermogenesis

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21
Q

When fat cells swell and become larger as weight is gained, what process is occurring with these cells?

A

hypertrophy

22
Q

Troy’s weight has always been around 180 pounds. When he gains a few pounds, he usually drops the extra weight relatively quickly but rarely drops below 180. Troy’s ability to maintain a “standard” weight exemplifies which theory?

A

set point

23
Q

For some obese adults, gastric bypass surgery has been shown to be effective in treating

A

type 2 diabetes

24
Q

) Metabolic rates begin to slow at which life stage?

A

after age 30

25
Q

Rachel has gone on and off starvation diets for years. This will hinder long-term weight loss because this type of eating pattern

A

slows down the basal metabolic rate

26
Q

An increase in waist circumference increases the risk for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and

A

stroke

27
Q

Which of the following improves the success rate of maintaining weight loss?

A

regular exercise

28
Q

Judith is taking an over-the-counter weight loss pill that works by decreasing the amount of fat her body can absorb. She is most likely taking

A

alli

29
Q

One pound of additional body fat is created by consuming how many extra calories?

A

3500

30
Q

Linda always eats when she watches television. Watching television is an example of a

A

eating trigger

31
Q

Abdul is looking for a reputable weight-loss program. Which of the following would be the best choice?

A

a program that allows for individual choices in real-world situations

32
Q

2) When fasting or eating a very-low-calorie diet for prolonged periods, the body will find fuel from its energy stores. One of the last reserves the body will use is from

A

protein in muscles and organs

33
Q

When the body is in starvation mode or has been subject to a very-low-calorie diet, it will metabolize body fat to produce an alternate fuel for brain cells; this process is known as

A

ketogenesis

34
Q

The feeling of fullness at the end of a meal is called

A

satiety

35
Q

Diets with a daily caloric value of 400 to 700 calories are termed

A

very-low-calorie diets

36
Q

Which of the following surgical procedures decreases the absorption of food into the body?

A

gastric bypass

37
Q

) Most weight loss supplements contain caffeine and/or

A

diuretics

38
Q

The surgical procedure that removes fat cells from specific parts of the body is known as

A

liposuction

39
Q

A condition characterized by an excessive number of fat cells is

A

hyperplasia

40
Q

Automobiles, Internet use, and sedentary jobs are which type of factors that contribute to weight gain?

A

environmental

41
Q

Obesity is a risk factor for

A

heart disease, cancer, stroke, and diabetes

42
Q

problems with the BMI measurement include that it

A

is an indirect estimate of body fat

43
Q

Which environmental factor encourages us to increase our food consumption?

A

easy access to high calorie foods in stores and restaurants

44
Q

The amount of energy the body uses at complete rest is known as the

A

basal metabolic rate

45
Q

The concept of adaptive thermogenesis attempts to explain

A

how thin people can consume large amounts of calories without gaining weight

46
Q

) A person’s exercise metabolic rate will increase if he or she

A

increases the activity level from light to moderate

47
Q

A measurement based on the relationship between a person’s height and weight that is highly correlated to the amount of body fat is the

A

body mass index

48
Q

The measure of energy expended while a person is engaged in sedentary activities, such as sitting on a sofa or digesting food is the

A

resting metabolic rate

49
Q

Which theory holds that some people have a genetic disposition toward fat storage and retaining weight?

A

thrifty gene theory

50
Q

Which type of weight loss surgery involves a procedure that restricts stomach size to limit food intake?

A

gastric banding.

APPH 1040 (11 decks)

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