chapter 3

Question 1

An ongoing state of physiological arousal in response to ongoing or numerous perceived threats is

Answer 1

chronic stress

Question 2

an example of a tangible stressor is

Answer 2

a confrontation with an angry coworker.

Question 3

A school examination is an example of a(n)

Answer 3

stressor

Question 4

The physiological state in which the body’s systems are functioning normally is known as

Answer 4

homeostasis

Question 5

Eduardo’s football team is playing the number one team in their division. They have to win this game to qualify for the regional championship. Eduardo is stressed because of the extreme importance of this game. This kind of stress is

Answer 5

D) acute stress.

Question 6

Debilitating tension and strain are associated with negative stress, also known as

Answer 6

A) distress.

Question 7

An example of an event that is likely to be associated with eustress is

Answer 7

) getting a promotion at work.

Question 8

Physiological responses such as increased heart rate and blood pressure occur in response to stress during which stage of the general adaptation syndrome?

Answer 8

) Alarm

Question 9

The reaction that occurs in our bodies when we perceive danger is the

Answer 9

B) fight-or-flight response.

Question 10

10) The function of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) is to

Answer 10

A) return the body to a state of homeostasis.

Question 11

11) You are speeding down the highway and see the flashing lights of a police car in your rearview mirror. Your heart begins to pound as you slow down, but the police car passes you in pursuit of someone else. Your physical reaction occurs at which stage of the general adaptation syndrome?

Answer 11

A) Alarm

Question 12

) Which part of the nervous system is responsible for triggering the release of stress hormones?

Answer 12

A) Sympathetic nervous system

Question 13

Sasha wakes up suddenly when she hears a strange noise. After a few moments, she realizes that the noise was caused by her cat jumping up on her dresser and not an intruder. Which part of Sasha’s nervous system is responsible for slowing the body functions that were stimulated by her stress response?

Answer 13

Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 14

14) You just realized that you have a 10-page paper due tomorrow and you have not even started it yet. Which part of the brain determines the overall reaction to this type of stress?

Answer 14

B) Hypothalamus

Question 15

As part of the stress response, the hormone epinephrine is released. What are some of the changes that are triggered in the body due to its release?

Answer 15

B) Heart and respiratory rates increase

Question 16

16) Common physical effects of unresolved stress include

Answer 16

C) cardiovascular disease and weight gain.

Question 17

17) What is the function of cortisol during the stress response?

Answer 17

C) It mobilizes nutrients to be available for energy.

Question 18

18) Carrying a heavy course load, working at a demanding part-time job, and having ongoing conflicts with her roommate resulted in Jana becoming so mentally and physically drained that she ended up in the hospital. Which phase of the general adaptation syndrome had she reached?

Answer 18

D) Exhaustion

Question 19

The 2011 Stress in America survey reported which two concerns to be the leading causes of stress in American adults?

Answer 19

B) Money and work issues

Question 20

20) Tiffany has been under a great deal of stress during the past year and has experienced unexplained weight gain. Which of the following hormones may be linked to her weight gain?

Answer 20

C) Cortisol

Question 21

21) Which of the following statements is true regarding the effects of long-term stress?

Answer 21

B) Long-term stress can lead to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and weight gain.

Question 22

22) Steps you can take to reduce stress include

Answer 22

) exercising regularly and learning to laugh at life’s ups and downs.

Question 23

3) Increased plaque build-up in the arteries and increased blood pressure can indicate a direct relationship between stress and

Answer 23

D) cardiovascular disease.

Question 24

24) When the body’s stress response is activated, which of the following occurs?

Answer 24

C) Blood-clotting ability increases.

Question 25

) According to studies in psychoneuroimmunology, how does long-term stress affect immunity?

Answer 25

B) Long-term stress impairs the body’s ability to fight infection.

Question 26

26) Stress created by overuse of technology and the constant state of connection is known as

Answer 26

D) technostress.

Question 27

Misplacing your cell phone, spilling coffee all over yourself as you are trying to get out the door, and then missing the bus are examples of

Answer 27

vB) hassles.

Question 28

28) Environmental stressors of which people are often unaware are

Answer 28

D) background distressors.

Question 29

29) You just realized that you must take two extra courses this quarter and get straight A’s if you want to go to law school. This situation is an example of

Answer 29

B) pressure.

Question 30

30) Susan was anxious about making a presentation at work. In an effort to overcome her anxiety, she practiced her presentation in front of several friends. This is an example of

Answer 30

C) stress inoculation.

Question 31

31) A student who gets good grades, is president of her sorority, and works 25 hours a week at her job would likely be experiencing stress due to

Answer 31

C) overload.

Question 32

32) Telogen effluvium and alopecia areata are two stress-related conditions that result in

Answer 32

hair loss

Question 33

) Feeling extremely burdened by the demands made on us is a state known as

Answer 33

A) overload.

Question 34

34) Among college students, stress related to academic performance is often associated with

Answer 34

C) more frequent upper respiratory tract infections.

Question 35

35) Megan’s neighbor plays her stereo so loudly that Megan cannot concentrate. The loud music is an example of which type of distressor?
b

Answer 35

background

Question 36

36) Low self-esteem and low self-efficacy are which type of stressors?

Answer 36

A) Internal

Question 37

) Selena and Lucy are servers in the same restaurant. Selena finds the job stimulating and enjoys the fast pace. Lucy, on the other hand, finds the work stressful and exhausting. Which internal factor explains their different perceptions?

Answer 37

A) Appraisal

Question 38

) Being quick to anger, distrusting others, and having a cynical attitude are toxic characteristics of which personality type?

Answer 38

type A

Question 39

39) Which of the following best describes a Type C personality?

Answer 39

C) Stoic

Question 40

40) Joe is an overachieving sales manager who puts a lot of pressure on his employees. When his sales team doesn’t perform up to his expectations, he often confronts them, criticizing their performance and threatening to fire them. He accuses them of trying to make him appear incompetent to his boss. Which component of Joe’s personality most increases his risk for cardiovascular disease?

Answer 40

A) Hostility

Question 41

41) Alyssa is a hard-driven perfectionist who finds her fast-paced job in marketing to be enjoyable and rewarding. She has high self-esteem and takes responsibilities for her mistakes. Which of the following attributes best protect Allison from developing cardiovascular disease?

Answer 41

B) She has psychological hardiness.

Question 42

42) Effective coping strategies that can help alleviate daily stress include

Answer 42

A) being realistic and managing your time.

Question 43

43) A healthy way to deal with anger is to

Answer 43

D) express it constructively.

Question 44

Stress among college students is associated with

Answer 44

B) lack of physical activity and substance abuse.

Question 45

45) An effective way to avoid overcommitment is to

Answer 45

A) say “No” in a kind but firm manner.

Question 46

46) A corporate executive takes an early retirement from his high-stress city job and moves to a small rural community. He takes up painting again after 30 years and sells his work at weekend art fairs. This is an example of

Answer 46

C) downshifting.

Question 47

47) Relaxation techniques are used for stress management because they

Answer 47

B) calm anxiety and improve coping skills.

Question 48

48) Effective time management practices involve

Answer 48

D) prioritizing your tasks and doing one thing at a time.

Question 49

49) Creating pleasant mental images that promote relaxation is a technique known as

Answer 49

visualization

Question 50

50) Regular exercise helps in stress management by

Answer 50

C) raising endorphin levels and improving mood.