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Modern World History Unit 2 > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

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1
Q

Men who had been born in Spain

A

Peninsulares

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2
Q

Spaniards born in Latin America

A

Creoles

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3
Q

Persons of mixed European and African ancestors

A

Mulattos

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4
Q

Romantic and practical liberator

A

Simón Bolívar

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5
Q

Simple and modest liberator

A

José de San Martin

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6
Q

Took first step in towards independence

A

Miguel Hidalgo

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7
Q

Led rebellion for 4 years/ defeated by Augustan de Inturbide in 1815

A

José María Morelos

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8
Q

What caused the creoles in South America to rebel against Spain?

A

Couldn’t hold high-level political office, felt NO loyalty to a French king

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9
Q

What role did Augustin de Iturbide play in the independence of Mexico and of countries of Central America?

A

Refused to recognize declarations of independence from Mexico, made peace with last ruler

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10
Q

Who was Dom Pedro, and what role did he o,ay in Brazil’s move for independence?

A

King Johns son, officially declared Brazil’s independence

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11
Q

Wealthy property owners and nobility

A

Conservatives

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12
Q

Middle-class Business owners and merchants

A

Liberals

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13
Q

Favored drastic change drastic to extend democracy to the people as a whole

A

Radicals

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14
Q

Belief that ones loyalty shouldn’t be to a great king but rather to a nation of people who share common culture and history

A

Nationalism

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15
Q

When nation had its own independent nation

A

Nation-State

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16
Q

Region that includes all or part of present day Greece, Albania, Bulgaria, Romania, and Turkey

A

The Balkans

17
Q

Won presidential election and brought peace to France

A

Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte

18
Q

Decided to move Russia towards modernization and social change

A

Alexander II

19
Q

Why did so many people in Europe and North America support the revolution of Greek nationalists against the Ottoman Empire?

A

Russians felt a connection to Greek Orthodox Christians

Educated Europeans and North Americans loved and respected the Ancient Greek culture

20
Q

How successful were the revolts in 1848? Explain.

A

Not very successful, they overthrow the monarchy and established a republic but that fell apart almost immediately

21
Q

Wealthy, middle-aged aristocrat, who worked tirelessly to expand piedmont-Sardinia’s power

A

Camilo di Cavour

22
Q

Bold and romantic soldier who captured Sicily

A

Giuseppe Garibaldo

23
Q

Garibaldi followers

A

Red shirts

24
Q

Conservative junker

A

Otto von Bismark

25
Q

Politics of reality

A

Realpolitik

26
Q

Emperor

A

Kaiser

27
Q

How did nationalism in the 1800s work as a force both for (nifty and disunity?

A

Disunity- broke up century old empires

Unity- people of same culture began to create new nation states

28
Q

What approaches did Camillo di Cavour use to try to acquire more territory for Piedmont-Sardinia?

A

He used diplomacy and well chosen alliances to gain territory

29
Q

What strategy did Otto von Bismarck use to try to make Prussia the leader of a united Germany?

A

Provoked Austria and France into two separate wars, reasoning the 2 would unite the German people behind Prussia

30
Q

Movement in the arts and ideas

A

Romanticism

31
Q

Tires to show life as it is, not how it should be

A

Realism

32
Q

Artist reacted against realism by seeking to convey their impressions of subjects or moments in time

A

Impressionism

33
Q

Name two ideas of the attitudes of the romantic movement that reflected the ideas of nationalism.

A

Ideas of gradualism and punctuated equilibrium

34
Q

What new conditions caused a change in the arts from romanticism to realism?

A

Rapid industrialization brought bad working conditions to many who lived in dirty crowded cities shining a light on reality

Modern World History Unit 2 (5 decks)

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