Chapter 8 Flashcards
In a chemical change a new _______ forms.
substance
The substances before a chemical change are called what?
reactants
The substances after a chemical change are called what?
products
What is evidence of a chemical change?
- Change in color
- Change in energy (shown by temp)
- Fizzing/Bubbles (gas is produced)
- Precipitate (solid)
- Light
The two types of energy change are what (type)?
Exothermic (release) hot
Endothermic (absorbs) cold
What is the difference between word equations, formula equations, and chemical equations?
Word - has words
Formula - has formulas
Chemical - has balanced formulas
What is a product’s symbol for a solid?
(s) or ↓
What is a product’s symbol for a gas?
(g) or ↑
Aqueous (aq) means the substance was what?
dissolved in water
In a single replacement reaction, the ____ reactive element replaces the ____ reactive element in a compound.
In a single replacement reaction, the more reactive element replaces the less reactive element in a compound.
*pay attention to metal/nonmetal relationships
a metal ALWAYS replaces metal
a nonmetal ALWAYS replaces nonmetal
The activity series ranks metals from ____ reactive to _____.
The activity series ranks metals from most reactive to least.
In a double replacement reaction, the products must be either _____, ___, or a _________.
water, gas, or a precipitate
To be a precipitate, the compound must be what?
insoluble
You only look at the activity series when doing what type of reaction?
Single Replacement
A combustion of a hydrocarbon reaction will have what elements in it?
C, H, and O
What will always be the products of a combustion of a hydrocarbon?
_CO2 + _H2O
A carbonate (CO3) will always release what?
CO2
A chlorate (ClO3) will always release what?
O2
A base (OH)- will always release what?
H2O and the (element)O
An acid (H+) will always release what?
H2O + (compound/element)O
*combine and reduce
If the acid is a polyatomic ion ending in
“ate,”
how is it named?
______ic acid
i.e. nitric acid (HNO3)
If the acid is a polyatomic ion ending in
“ite,”
how is it named?
_______ous acid
i.e. chlorous acid (HCLO2)
If the acid is a polyatomic ion like
“per–ate,”
how is it named?
per–ic acid
If the acid is a polyatomic ion like
“hypo–ite,”
how is it named?
hypo–ous acid
If the acid is an anion ending in “ide,” how is it named?
hydro____ic acid
i.e. hydrofluoric acid (H2S)
