Chapter 2 Notes Flashcards
What is the scientific method?
The scientific method is a logical approach to solving problems.
What is the difference between a hypothesis and a theory?
A hypothesis is a basis for making predictions, whereas theories are generalizations that come after the experiment.
What is the formula for density?
density= Mass/ Volume
What is density measure in?
g/cm^3 or g/ml
g/l measure the density of a gas
Density is a ________ property.
physical
Is density intensive or extensive?
intensive
As temperature increases, density _________.
As temperature increases, density decreases.
*the molecules spread out as it becomes hotter.
Mass stays the same, volume increases.
___ is the only exception to the temperature/density rule. As ___ expands, it becomes less dense.
Ice
What is the SI unit of length?
Meters (m)
What is the SI unit of mass?
Grams (g)
What is the SI unit of volume?
centimeters^3, liter (l)
What is the SI unit of force?
Newton (N)
What is the SI unit of temperature?
°C/K
What is the SI unit of time?
Seconds
*units of time always stay the same
What is the SI unit prefix conversion line?
(T)era - - (G)gia - - (M)ega - - (K)ilo (H)ecto (Da) deka BASE UNIT
(D)eci (C)enti (m)illi - - (μ) micro - - (N)ano - - (P)ico
What temperature is Absolute Zero?
0 Kelvin
What happens at Absolute Zero?
All molecular motion stops at Absolute Zero.
What is the formula from °Celsius to Kelvin?
(°C) + 273.15 = K
How many centimeters are there in one inch?
2.54 cm to 1 in
What is the density of water?
1.0 g/ml or g/cm^3
What are the steps to the scientific method?
- Research and observation
- hypothesis -possible solution/educated guess
- experiment
- Record data
- Analyze data
- Conclude/publish results
How many experimental variables should you test?
You should test 1 experimental variable at a time while you maintain your constants.
What are the two types of data and their differences?
- qualitative- descriptive
2. quantitative- numerical
What is an explanation to an observation that is accepted as truth?
Theory
What is absolute in nature?
Law
On a ______ graph, as the x variable increases (or decreases), the y variable also increases (or decreases).
On a direct graph, as the x variable increases (or decreases) in one direction, the y variable also increases (or decreases).
On an ________ graph, as the x variable increases (or decreases), the y variable decreases (or increases). The variables follow opposite directions.
On an inverse graph, as the x variable increases (or decreases), the y variable decreases (or increases). The variables follow opposite directions.
What is the formula for a direct graph’s line?
y = kx
k is the constant
What is the formula for an indirect graph’s line?
xy = k
k is the constant
A direct graph’s line is _____, whereas an indirect line is ______.
A direct graph’s line is linear, whereas an indirect line is curved.
To find a point on the line within your data range is to ___________.
interpolate
To find a point outside your data range is to __________.
extrapolate
