Chapter 2 Notes

Question 1

What is the scientific method?

Answer 1

The scientific method is a logical approach to solving problems.

Question 2

What is the difference between a hypothesis and a theory?

Answer 2

A hypothesis is a basis for making predictions, whereas theories are generalizations that come after the experiment.

Question 3

What is the formula for density?

Answer 3

density= Mass/ Volume

Question 4

What is density measure in?

Answer 4

g/cm^3 or g/ml

g/l measure the density of a gas

Question 5

Density is a ________ property.

Answer 5

physical

Question 6

Is density intensive or extensive?

Answer 6

intensive

Question 7

As temperature increases, density _________.

Answer 7

As temperature increases, density decreases.

*the molecules spread out as it becomes hotter.
Mass stays the same, volume increases.

Question 8

___ is the only exception to the temperature/density rule. As ___ expands, it becomes less dense.

Answer 8

Ice

Question 9

What is the SI unit of length?

Answer 9

Meters (m)

Question 10

What is the SI unit of mass?

Answer 10

Grams (g)

Question 11

What is the SI unit of volume?

Answer 11

centimeters^3, liter (l)

Question 12

What is the SI unit of force?

Answer 12

Newton (N)

Question 13

What is the SI unit of temperature?

Answer 13

°C/K

Question 14

What is the SI unit of time?

Answer 14

Seconds

*units of time always stay the same

Question 15

What is the SI unit prefix conversion line?

Answer 15

(T)era - - (G)gia - - (M)ega - - (K)ilo (H)ecto (Da) deka BASE UNIT
(D)eci (C)enti (m)illi - - (μ) micro - - (N)ano - - (P)ico

Question 16

What temperature is Absolute Zero?

Answer 16

0 Kelvin

Question 17

What happens at Absolute Zero?

Answer 17

All molecular motion stops at Absolute Zero.

Question 18

What is the formula from °Celsius to Kelvin?

Answer 18

(°C) + 273.15 = K

Question 19

How many centimeters are there in one inch?

Answer 19

2.54 cm to 1 in

Question 20

What is the density of water?

Answer 20

1.0 g/ml or g/cm^3

Question 21

What are the steps to the scientific method?

Answer 21

1. Research and observation
2. hypothesis -possible solution/educated guess
3. experiment
4. Record data
5. Analyze data
6. Conclude/publish results

Question 22

How many experimental variables should you test?

Answer 22

You should test 1 experimental variable at a time while you maintain your constants.

Question 23

What are the two types of data and their differences?

Answer 23

1. qualitative- descriptive

2. quantitative- numerical

Question 24

What is an explanation to an observation that is accepted as truth?

Answer 24

Theory

Question 25

What is absolute in nature?

Answer 25

Law

Question 26

On a ______ graph, as the x variable increases (or decreases), the y variable also increases (or decreases).

Answer 26

On a direct graph, as the x variable increases (or decreases) in one direction, the y variable also increases (or decreases).

Question 27

On an ________ graph, as the x variable increases (or decreases), the y variable decreases (or increases). The variables follow opposite directions.

Answer 27

On an inverse graph, as the x variable increases (or decreases), the y variable decreases (or increases). The variables follow opposite directions.

Question 28

What is the formula for a direct graph’s line?

Answer 28

y = kx

k is the constant

Question 29

What is the formula for an indirect graph’s line?

Answer 29

xy = k

k is the constant

Question 30

A direct graph’s line is _____, whereas an indirect line is ______.

Answer 30

A direct graph’s line is linear, whereas an indirect line is curved.

Question 31

To find a point on the line within your data range is to ___________.

Answer 31

interpolate

Question 32

To find a point outside your data range is to __________.

Answer 32

extrapolate