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Pathophysiology Semester 1 > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Which immunoglobulin is expressed only by naive B cells

A

IgM

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2
Q

Where are MHC I found and what do they bind to?

A

Found in all cells of the body that have nucleus (non RBCs)
Attach to CD-8 receptor of Cytotoxic T Cells

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3
Q

Name the class of immunoglobulin

•Secreted during primary response.

A

IgM

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4
Q

Helper T cells communicate with MHC class?

A

MHC class 2

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5
Q

Name the class of Immunoglobulins:

Principal antibody in allergic response

Associated with mast cells and basophils

A

IgE

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6
Q

mature B cells express which immnoglobulins

A

IgM

IgD

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7
Q

3rd Line of Defense
Humoral response

A

•B lymphocytes:
B cells, plasma cells, immunoglobulins; memory cel

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8
Q

What is clonal selection

A
  • Differentiation into antibody-secreting plasma cells.
  • Antigen binds with receptors triggers production of plasma and memory cells.
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9
Q

for review

A

for review

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10
Q

•transported to lysosomes which contain exogenous antigens.

Meets up with pathogen in cytoplasm

A

MHC class 2

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11
Q

What is this?

  • IgA dominant secretory immunoglobulin.
  • Prevents attachment and invasion of pathogens through mucosal membranes.
A

Secretory immue system

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12
Q

Name the class of Immunoglobulins:

Main antibody in external secretions.

A

IgA

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13
Q

•Bind outside the normal antigen specific binding site to the TCR b-chain or to the MHC class II molecule a-chain outside antigen-presentation site.

A

Superantigens SAGs

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14
Q

T helper cells 17 increases what?

A

Inflammatory responce

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15
Q

Name the class of immunoglobulin

Functions as antigen receptors

A

IgD

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16
Q

What is this describing?

  • Instruct target cell to respond.
  • Increase production of plasma membrane receptors.
  • Initiate proliferation and differentiation for T and B Cells.
A

Cytokines

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17
Q

The following describe what?

  • Tolerance to self-antigens.
  • Protect host’s own tissues against autoimmune reactions.
  • Activated when antigen is presented with MHC class II molecules.
  • Affect recognition of antigen.
  • Suppress proliferative steps.
A

Regulatory T Cells

18
Q

What is colonal diversity

A

Talking about B Cell responce

This is when they are in the bone marrow and immature

They replicate with lots of diffrent receptors (antibodies)

19
Q

Do the following things describe virus or bacteria?

  • Larger in size.
  • Living organisms that can reproduce.
  • single-celled “living” microorganisms that reproduce by dividing.
  • Contain DNA and ribosomes for replication.
  • Rigid cell wall.
  • Thin, rubbery cell membrane.
  • May have flagella.
  • Make toxins that can damage the cells they’ve invaded.
20
Q

Which portion of the antibody is this

•CDRs fold.
•Contain receptors for antigenic determinants.
Confer specificity

A

Antigen binding fragment - Fab

21
Q

Name the Class of immunoglobulins:

Secreted during secondary response

Most prevalant and longest half life

Can cross the placenta

22
Q

What do Cytotoxic T cells adher to

A

MHC class 1

23
Q

How can B Cells interact with antigens?

How can T Cell interact with antigens?

A

B Cells - can interact directly with the antigen

T Cells have to interact with an antigen that is presented by a presenting cells

24
Q

What is this?
•Processed through thymus.
•Thymosin, thymopoietin, ubiquitin, thymostimulin hormones:
•Differentiate to mature T cells.
•Influence uncommitted lymphocytes in bone marrow.
•T cells have plasma membrane receptors with specificity for antigens.
•T cells produce cluster of differentiation antigens.

A

Cell mediated immune response(Tcells)

25
T helper cells 2 produces what?
IL-4 and IL-10 Inhibit T helper cells 1 and 17
26
What is a Immunogen?
Antigen that can induce the maturation of T and B cells
27
Where do we find MHC class 1? What is the receptor site on T Cell for MHC class 1 Where do we find MHC class 2? What is the recepotr site on T Cell for MHC class 2
MHC class 1 is found on body cells that have been infected the CD8 receptors bind to MHC class 1 MHC class 2 is found on antigen presenting cells The CD4 receptors bind to MHC Class 2
28
What are CD1 and where are they found?
* Found on APCs and cells in thymus. * Presents lipid antigens: * Lipoproteins, glycolipids, and other molecules
29
What do superantigens do
excessive prduction of cytokines •IL-2, IFN-g, TNF-a.
30
T helper cells 1 produces what?
INF and inhibits T helper cells 2
31
In active immunity the Primary Response usually includes what?
This is the initial exposure to the antigen The B Cells Secrete mostly IgM antibodies
32
3rd Line of Defense Cell-mediated immune response?
T lymphocytes
33
T helper cells 22 stimulates what
Tissue repair and wound healing
34
What are the three things the antibodies can do
1. neutralization 2. opsonization 3. activate complement
35
Does the following describe a bacteria or virus? ## Footnote * May have outer envelope. * All have a protein coat * Core of genetic material (DRA or RNA). * Not "living" organisms. * They require living hosts to multiply. Otherwise, they can't survive. * Takes over the cell’s DNA, redirecting it to reproduce. * May eventually kill the host cells.
virus
36
What typically takes place with active immunity secondary response ?
* Subsequent exposure to same antigen. * Maximum antibody concentration reached in \< 2 hrs. * IgG dominates
37
Which part of the antibody is this •Bind to surface of effector cells of inflammation.
Crystalline fragment (Fc)
38
What does the following describe * Induce immature B lymphocytes to become plasma cells. * Repeating antigenic determinants interact with the B cell’s membrane.
T independant antigens
39
antigens transported by TAP to ER? antigen complex transported to Golgi apparatus then to plasma membrane?
MHC class 1
40
Where are MHC class II recepotrs found and what do they attach to
Found in B-Cells - Macrophages - Epithelial cells They attach to CD-4 receptors on the T Helper Cell
41
What is the major Immnoglobulin produced by T Independant antigen method
IgM
42
The following stages describe what •Stem cells. •Pro-B cells. •Pre-B cells. •Immature B cells. •Mature B cells. •Secrete antibodies into the blood and lymph. •Stimulate production of memory cells.
Humoral Immunity

Pathophysiology Semester 1 (7 decks)

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